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957.
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Ubuntu ships with a number of graphical utilities to configure your network devices. This document is geared toward server administrators and will focus on managing your network on the command line.
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Ubuntu提供了許多圖形化工具來配製您的網路設備。本文適用於服務器管理員並聚焦在命令行中管理您的網路。
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Translated and reviewed by
yugu
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Located in
serverguide/C/network-config.xml:28(para)
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958.
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Ethernet
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(no translation yet)
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959.
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Most ethernet configuration is centralized in a single file, <filename>/etc/network/interfaces</filename>. If you have no ethernet devices, only the loopback interface will appear in this file, and it will look something like this:
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960.
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# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
# and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5).
# The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
address 127.0.0.1
netmask 255.0.0.0
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represents a line break.
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(no translation yet)
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961.
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If you have only one ethernet device, eth0, and it gets its configuration from a DHCP server, and it should come up automatically at boot, only two additional lines are required:
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(no translation yet)
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962.
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auto eth0
iface eth0 inet dhcp
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represents a line break.
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(no translation yet)
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Located in
serverguide/C/network-config.xml:259(programlisting)
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963.
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The first line specifies that the eth0 device should come up automatically when you boot. The second line means that interface (<quote>iface</quote>) eth0 should have an IPv4 address space (replace <quote>inet</quote> with <quote>inet6</quote> for an IPv6 device) and that it should get its configuration automatically from DHCP. Assuming your network and DHCP server are properly configured, this machine's network should need no further configuration to operate properly. The DHCP server will provide the default gateway (implemented via the <application>route</application> command), the device's IP address (implemented via the <application>ifconfig</application> command), and DNS servers used on the network (implemented in the <filename>/etc/resolv.conf</filename> file.)
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964.
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To configure your ethernet device with a static IP address and custom configuration, some more information will be required. Suppose you want to assign the IP address 192.168.0.2 to the device eth1, with the typical netmask of 255.255.255.0. Your default gateway's IP address is 192.168.0.1. You would enter something like this into <filename>/etc/network/interfaces</filename>:
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(no translation yet)
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965.
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iface eth1 inet static
[tab]address 192.168.0.2
[tab]netmask 255.255.255.0
[tab]gateway 192.168.0.1
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[tab] represents a tab character.
Please write it exactly the same way, [tab], in your
translation.
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represents a line break.
Start a new line in the equivalent position in the translation.
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(no translation yet)
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966.
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In this case, you will need to specify your DNS servers manually in <filename>/etc/resolv.conf</filename>, which should look something like this:
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(no translation yet)
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