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85.
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This article will briefly explain the different files important to the packaging of Ubuntu packages which are contained in the ``debian/`` directory. The most important of them are ``changelog``, ``control``, ``copyright``, and ``rules``. These are required for all packages. A number of additional files in the ``debian/`` may be used in order to customize and configure the behavior of the package. Some of these files are discussed in this article, but this is not meant to be a complete list.
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(no translation yet)
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Located in
../ubuntu-packaging-guide/debian-dir-overview.rst:4
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86.
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The changelog
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Located in
../ubuntu-packaging-guide/debian-dir-overview.rst:13
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87.
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This file is, as its name implies, a listing of the changes made in each version. It has a specific format that gives the package name, version, distribution, changes, and who made the changes at a given time. If you have a GPG key (see: :doc:`Getting set up<./getting-set-up/>`), make sure to use the same name and email address in ``changelog`` as you have in your key. The following is a template ``changelog``::
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Located in
../ubuntu-packaging-guide/debian-dir-overview.rst:15
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88.
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The format (especially of the date) is important. The date should be in :rfc:`5322` format, which can be obtained by using the command ``date -R``. For convenience, the command ``dch`` may be used to edit changelog. It will update the date automatically.
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Located in
../ubuntu-packaging-guide/debian-dir-overview.rst:31
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89.
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Minor bullet points are indicated by a dash "-", while major points use an asterisk "*".
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Located in
../ubuntu-packaging-guide/debian-dir-overview.rst:36
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90.
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If you are packaging from scratch, ``dch --create`` (``dch`` is in the ``devscripts`` package) will create a standard ``debian/changelog`` for you.
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Located in
../ubuntu-packaging-guide/debian-dir-overview.rst:39
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91.
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Here is a sample ``changelog`` file for hello::
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Located in
../ubuntu-packaging-guide/debian-dir-overview.rst:43
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92.
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Notice that the version has a ``-0ubuntu1`` appended to it, this is the distro revision, used so that the packaging can be updated (to fix bugs for example) with new uploads within the same source release version.
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Located in
../ubuntu-packaging-guide/debian-dir-overview.rst:52
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93.
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Ubuntu and Debian have slightly different package versioning schemes to avoid conflicting packages with the same source version. If a Debian package has been changed in Ubuntu, it has ``ubuntuX`` (where ``X`` is the Ubuntu revision number) appended to the end of the Debian version. So if the Debian hello ``2.6-1`` package was changed by Ubuntu, the version string would be ``2.6-1ubuntu1``. If a package for the application does not exist in Debian, then the Debian revision is ``0`` (e.g. ``2.6-0ubuntu1``).
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Located in
../ubuntu-packaging-guide/debian-dir-overview.rst:56
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94.
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For further information, see the `changelog section (Section 4.4) <policy-changelog_>`_ of the Debian Policy Manual.
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Located in
../ubuntu-packaging-guide/debian-dir-overview.rst:64
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