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531.

Create a coprocess named NAME.

Execute COMMAND asynchronously, with the standard output and standard
input of the command connected via a pipe to file descriptors assigned
to indices 0 and 1 of an array variable NAME in the executing shell.
The default NAME is "COPROC".

Exit Status:
Returns the exit status of COMMAND.

532.

Define shell function.

Create a shell function named NAME. When invoked as a simple command,
NAME runs COMMANDs in the calling shell's context. When NAME is invoked,
the arguments are passed to the function as $1...$n, and the function's
name is in $FUNCNAME.

Exit Status:
Returns success unless NAME is readonly.

533.

Group commands as a unit.

Run a set of commands in a group. This is one way to redirect an
entire set of commands.

Exit Status:
Returns the status of the last command executed.

534.

Resume job in foreground.

Equivalent to the JOB_SPEC argument to the `fg' command. Resume a
stopped or background job. JOB_SPEC can specify either a job name
or a job number. Following JOB_SPEC with a `&' places the job in
the background, as if the job specification had been supplied as an
argument to `bg'.

Exit Status:
Returns the status of the resumed job.

535.

Evaluate arithmetic expression.

The EXPRESSION is evaluated according to the rules for arithmetic
evaluation. Equivalent to "let EXPRESSION".

Exit Status:
Returns 1 if EXPRESSION evaluates to 0; returns 0 otherwise.

536.

Execute conditional command.

Returns a status of 0 or 1 depending on the evaluation of the conditional
expression EXPRESSION. Expressions are composed of the same primaries used
by the `test' builtin, and may be combined using the following operators:

( EXPRESSION )[tab]Returns the value of EXPRESSION
! EXPRESSION[tab][tab]True if EXPRESSION is false; else false
EXPR1 && EXPR2[tab]True if both EXPR1 and EXPR2 are true; else false
EXPR1 || EXPR2[tab]True if either EXPR1 or EXPR2 is true; else false

When the `==' and `!=' operators are used, the string to the right of
the operator is used as a pattern and pattern matching is performed.
When the `=~' operator is used, the string to the right of the operator
is matched as a regular expression.

The && and || operators do not evaluate EXPR2 if EXPR1 is sufficient to
determine the expression's value.

Exit Status:
0 or 1 depending on value of EXPRESSION.

537.

Common shell variable names and usage.

BASH_VERSION[tab]Version information for this Bash.
CDPATH[tab]A colon-separated list of directories to search
[tab][tab]for directories given as arguments to `cd'.
GLOBIGNORE[tab]A colon-separated list of patterns describing filenames to
[tab][tab]be ignored by pathname expansion.
HISTFILE[tab]The name of the file where your command history is stored.
HISTFILESIZE[tab]The maximum number of lines this file can contain.
HISTSIZE[tab]The maximum number of history lines that a running
[tab][tab]shell can access.
HOME[tab]The complete pathname to your login directory.
HOSTNAME[tab]The name of the current host.
HOSTTYPE[tab]The type of CPU this version of Bash is running under.
IGNOREEOF[tab]Controls the action of the shell on receipt of an EOF
[tab][tab]character as the sole input. If set, then the value
[tab][tab]of it is the number of EOF characters that can be seen
[tab][tab]in a row on an empty line before the shell will exit
[tab][tab](default 10). When unset, EOF signifies the end of input.
MACHTYPE[tab]A string describing the current system Bash is running on.
MAILCHECK[tab]How often, in seconds, Bash checks for new mail.
MAILPATH[tab]A colon-separated list of filenames which Bash checks
[tab][tab]for new mail.
OSTYPE[tab]The version of Unix this version of Bash is running on.
PATH[tab]A colon-separated list of directories to search when
[tab][tab]looking for commands.
PROMPT_COMMAND[tab]A command to be executed before the printing of each
[tab][tab]primary prompt.
PS1[tab][tab]The primary prompt string.
PS2[tab][tab]The secondary prompt string.
PWD[tab][tab]The full pathname of the current directory.
SHELLOPTS[tab]A colon-separated list of enabled shell options.
TERM[tab]The name of the current terminal type.
TIMEFORMAT[tab]The output format for timing statistics displayed by the
[tab][tab]`time' reserved word.
auto_resume[tab]Non-null means a command word appearing on a line by
[tab][tab]itself is first looked for in the list of currently
[tab][tab]stopped jobs. If found there, that job is foregrounded.
[tab][tab]A value of `exact' means that the command word must
[tab][tab]exactly match a command in the list of stopped jobs. A
[tab][tab]value of `substring' means that the command word must
[tab][tab]match a substring of the job. Any other value means that
[tab][tab]the command must be a prefix of a stopped job.
histchars[tab]Characters controlling history expansion and quick
[tab][tab]substitution. The first character is the history
[tab][tab]substitution character, usually `!'. The second is
[tab][tab]the `quick substitution' character, usually `^'. The
[tab][tab]third is the `history comment' character, usually `#'.
HISTIGNORE[tab]A colon-separated list of patterns used to decide which
[tab][tab]commands should be saved on the history list.

538.

Add directories to stack.

Adds a directory to the top of the directory stack, or rotates
the stack, making the new top of the stack the current working
directory. With no arguments, exchanges the top two directories.

Options:
-n[tab]Suppresses the normal change of directory when adding
[tab]directories to the stack, so only the stack is manipulated.

Arguments:
+N[tab]Rotates the stack so that the Nth directory (counting
[tab]from the left of the list shown by `dirs', starting with
[tab]zero) is at the top.

-N[tab]Rotates the stack so that the Nth directory (counting
[tab]from the right of the list shown by `dirs', starting with
[tab]zero) is at the top.

dir[tab]Adds DIR to the directory stack at the top, making it the
[tab]new current working directory.

The `dirs' builtin displays the directory stack.

Exit Status:
Returns success unless an invalid argument is supplied or the directory
change fails.

539.

Remove directories from stack.

Removes entries from the directory stack. With no arguments, removes
the top directory from the stack, and changes to the new top directory.

Options:
-n[tab]Suppresses the normal change of directory when removing
[tab]directories from the stack, so only the stack is manipulated.

Arguments:
+N[tab]Removes the Nth entry counting from the left of the list
[tab]shown by `dirs', starting with zero. For example: `popd +0'
[tab]removes the first directory, `popd +1' the second.

-N[tab]Removes the Nth entry counting from the right of the list
[tab]shown by `dirs', starting with zero. For example: `popd -0'
[tab]removes the last directory, `popd -1' the next to last.

The `dirs' builtin displays the directory stack.

Exit Status:
Returns success unless an invalid argument is supplied or the directory
change fails.

540.

Display directory stack.

Display the list of currently remembered directories. Directories
find their way onto the list with the `pushd' command; you can get
back up through the list with the `popd' command.

Options:
-c[tab]clear the directory stack by deleting all of the elements
-l[tab]do not print tilde-prefixed versions of directories relative
[tab]to your home directory
-p[tab]print the directory stack with one entry per line
-v[tab]print the directory stack with one entry per line prefixed
[tab]with its position in the stack

Arguments:
+N[tab]Displays the Nth entry counting from the left of the list shown by
[tab]dirs when invoked without options, starting with zero.

-N[tab]Displays the Nth entry counting from the right of the list shown by
[tab]dirs when invoked without options, starting with zero.

Exit Status:
Returns success unless an invalid option is supplied or an error occurs.