Browsing Kurdish, Central translation

14.

Directories and File Systems

15.

In Linux and Unix everything is a file. Directories are files, files are files, and devices are files. Devices are usually referred to as nodes; however, they are still files.

16.

Linux and Unix file systems are organized in a hierarchical, tree-like structure. The highest level of the file system is the <filename>/</filename> or root directory. All other files and directories exist under the root directory. For example, <filename>/home/konqi/kubuntu.odt</filename> shows the correct full path, or absolute path, to the <filename>kubuntu.odt</filename> file that exists in the <filename>konqi</filename> directory, which is under the <filename>home</filename> directory, which in turn is under the root (<filename>/</filename>) directory.

17.

Underneath the root (<filename>/</filename>) directory is a set of important directories common to most Linux distributions. The following is a listing of common directories that are directly under the root (<filename>/</filename>) directory:

19.

Important commands, which historically have been <emphasis>bin</emphasis>ary, but may also be shell scripts.

21.

<emphasis>Boot</emphasis> configuration files, kernels, and other files needed at <emphasis>boot</emphasis> time.

23.

The <emphasis>dev</emphasis>ice files.

25.

Configuration files, startup scripts, <emphasis>etc</emphasis>.

27.

<emphasis>Home</emphasis> directories for different users.

29.

Used when creating a customized <emphasis>init</emphasis>ial <emphasis>R</emphasis>AM <emphasis>D</emphasis>isk.