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101.
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Linux is inspired by the Unix operating system which first appeared in 1969, and has been in continous use and development ever since. Many of the design conventions behind Unix also exist in Linux and are central to understanding the basics of the system.
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(no translation yet)
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Located in
C/getting-started.xml:287(para)
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102.
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Unix was primarily oriented towards the command line interface, and that legacy is carried on in Linux. Thus, the graphical user interface with its windows, icons and menus are built on top of a basic command line interface. Furthermore, this means that the Linux file system is structured to be easily manageable and accessible from the command line.
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(no translation yet)
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Located in
C/getting-started.xml:289(para)
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103.
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Directories and File Systems
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(no translation yet)
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Located in
C/getting-started.xml:292(title)
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104.
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Linux and Unix file systems are organised in a hierarchical, tree-like structure. The highest level of the file system is the <filename>/</filename> or <emphasis>root directory</emphasis>. In the Unix and Linux design philosophy, everything is considered a file - including hard disks, partitions and removable media. This means that all other files and directories (including other disks and partitions) exist under the root directory.
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(no translation yet)
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Located in
C/getting-started.xml:293(para)
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105.
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For example, <filename>/home/jebediah/cheeses.odt</filename> shows the correct full path to the <filename>cheeses.odt</filename> file that exists in the <filename>jebediah</filename> directory which is under the <filename>home</filename> directory, which in turn, is under the root (<filename>/</filename>) directory.
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(no translation yet)
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Located in
C/getting-started.xml:295(para)
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106.
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Underneath the root (<filename>/</filename>) directory, there is a set of important system directories that are common across most Linux distributions that are used. The following is a listing of common directories that are directly under the root (<filename>/</filename>) directory:
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(no translation yet)
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Located in
C/getting-started.xml:297(para)
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107.
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<filename>/bin</filename> - important <emphasis>bin</emphasis>ary applications
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(no translation yet)
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Located in
C/getting-started.xml:301(para)
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108.
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<filename>/boot</filename> - <emphasis>boot</emphasis> configuration files
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(no translation yet)
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Located in
C/getting-started.xml:305(para)
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109.
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<filename>/dev</filename> - the <emphasis>dev</emphasis>ice files
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(no translation yet)
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Located in
C/getting-started.xml:309(para)
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110.
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<filename>/etc</filename> - configuration files, startup scripts, <emphasis>etc</emphasis>...
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(no translation yet)
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Located in
C/getting-started.xml:313(para)
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