Translations by Alex

name={\acronym{LTS}}, description={\acronym{LTS} stands for long-term support and is a type of Ubuntu release that is officially supported for far longer than the standard releases.}

in the indicator area, click \menu{Session indicator \then Ubuntu Help}.

The following typographic conventions are used in this book:

If your computer has a 64-bit processor, select the ``64-bit'' option before you click ``Start download.''

\marginnote{In some cases, your computer will not recognize that the Ubuntu \acronym{DVD} or \acronym{USB} is present as it starts up and will start your existing operating system instead. To run Ubuntu from the Live \acronym{DVD} or \acronym{USB}, we want the computer to look for information from the Live \acronym{DVD} or \acronym{USB} first. Changing your \emph{boot priority} is usually handled by \acronym{BIOS} settings; this is beyond the scope of this guide. If you need assistance with changing the boot priority, see your computer manufacturer's documentation for more information.} Your computer reads information from a \acronym{DVD} at a much slower speed than it can read information off of a hard drive. Running Ubuntu from the Live \acronym{DVD} also occupies a large portion of your computer's memory, which would usually be available for applications to access when Ubuntu is running from your hard drive. The Live \acronym{DVD/USB} experience will therefore feel slightly slower than it does when Ubuntu is actually installed on your computer. Running Ubuntu from the \acronym{DVD/USB} is a great way to test things out and allows you to try the default applications, browse the Internet, and get a general feel for the operating system. It's also useful for checking that your computer hardware works properly in Ubuntu and that there are no major compatibility issues.

\marginnote{If you are installing on a new machine with no operating system, you will not get the first option. The upgrade option is only available if you are upgrading from a previous version of Ubuntu.} The Ubuntu installer will automatically detect any existing operating system installed on your machine, and present installation options suitable for your system. The options listed below depend on your specific system and may not all be available:

The next screen will display a world map. Using your mouse, click your geographic location on the map to tell Ubuntu where you are. Alternatively, you can type your location in the field below the map. This allows Ubuntu to configure your system clock and other location-based features. Click \button{Continue} when you are ready to move on.

Who are you?

This option is selected by default, as it will prevent unauthorized people from accessing your computer without knowing the password you created earlier. This is a good option for those who, for example, share their computer with other family members. Once the installation process has been completed, an additional login account can be created for each family member. Each person will then have their own login name and password, account preferences, Internet bookmarks, and personal storage space.

This option provides you with an added layer of security. Your home folder is where your personal files are stored. By selecting this option, Ubuntu will automatically enable \gls{encryption} on your home folder, meaning that files and folders must be decrypted using your password before they can be accessed. Therefore if someone had physical access to your hard drive (for example, if your computer was stolen and the hard drive removed), they would not be able to see your files without knowing your password.

Ubuntu will now finish installing on your hard drive. As the installation progresses, a slideshow will give you an introduction to some of the default applications included with Ubuntu. These applications are covered in more detail in \chaplink{ch:default-applications}. The slideshow will also highlight the Ubuntu support options.

After approximately twenty minutes, the installation will complete and you will be able to click \button{Restart Now} to restart your computer and start Ubuntu. The \acronym{DVD} will be ejected, so remove it from your \acronym{DVD} drive and press \keystroke{Enter} to continue.

After the installation has finished and your computer is restarted, you will be greeted by the login screen of Ubuntu. The login screen will present you with your username and you will have to enter the password to get past it. Click your username and enter your password. Once done, you may click the arrow or press \keystroke{Enter} to get into the Ubuntu desktop. Ubuntu's login screen supports multiple users and also supports custom backgrounds for each user. In fact, Ubuntu automatically will pick up your current desktop wallpaper and set it as your login background.

To show an application's menu, just move your mouse to the desktop's menu bar (at the top of the screen).

The Ubuntu Launcher on the left with a sample of applications on it.

Applications that are currently running will have one or more triangles on the left side of the icon indicating the number of application windows open for this application. Running applications also have a back-lit icon on the Launcher. \marginnote{Some also refer to an application in the foreground as being \emph{in focus}.}\marginscreenshot{02-Launcher-triangles.png}{ss:Launcher-items}{The triangles on each side of the Firefox icon indicate Firefox is in the foreground and only one window is associated with Firefox at this time.} The application in the foreground (\ie, the application that is on top of all other open application windows) is indicated by a single white triangle on the right side of its icon.

Run the application you want to add to the Launcher, right-click on the application's icon on the Launcher, and select \menu{Lock to Launcher}.

To remove an application from the Launcher, right-click on the application's icon, then select \menu{Unlock from Launcher}.

Dash

Lenses act as specialized search categories in the Dash: searching is accomplished by utilizing one or more lenses, also known as scopes, and each lens is responsible for providing a category of search results through the Dash.

The Dash can help you find names of files or folders. Simply type a portion of the file or folder name. As you type, results will appear in the Dash. The \lens{Files and Folders} lens will also assist in finding files or folders \dash showing you the most recently accessed files as well as the most recent downloads. You can use the \emph{filter results} button in the top-right corner of the Dash to filter results by attributes such as file or folder modification times, file type (.odt, .pdf, .doc, .txt, etc.), or size.

When opening a program in Ubuntu (such as a web browser or a text editor\dash see \chaplink{ch:default-applications} for more information on using applications)\dash a \emph{window} will appear on your desktop. Simply stated, a window is the box that appears on your screen when you start a program. In Ubuntu, the top part of a window (the \emph{title bar}) will have the name of the application to the left (most often, the title will be the same as the application's name). A window will also have three buttons in the top-left corner. From left to right, these buttons represent \emph{close} window, \emph{minimize} window, and \emph{maximize} window. Other window management options are available by right-clicking anywhere on the title bar.

This is the top bar of a window, named \emph{title bar}. The close, minimize, and maximize buttons are in the top-left corner of the window.

Finally, the right-most button is the \gls{maximize} button (\maximizebutton{}) which causes the application to completely fill the desktop space. If a window is maximized, its top-left buttons and menu are automatically hidden from view. To make them appear, just move your mouse to the \emph{menu bar}. Clicking the \gls{maximize} button again will return the window to its original size.

In Ubuntu, there are many ways to switch between open windows:

To move a window to a different workspace, verify that the window isn't maximized. If it is maximized, click on the right-most button on the left side of the title bar to restore it to its original size. Then right-click on the window's title bar and select: \marginnote{You can also use \keystroke{Shift+Control+Alt} in combination with the \keystroke{arrow} keys to move a window to a different workspace.}

Common keyboard shortcuts as displayed by Unity.

There are two ways to locate files on your computer \dash search for them or access them directly from their directory. You can search for a file using the Dash or the \application{Files} file manager. You can also use the Dash or \application{Files} file manager to access commonly used directories (such as \menu{Documents}, \menu{Music}, \menu{Downloads}) as well as the most recently accessed files.

Files file manager

Files

The \application{Files} file manager window

When you select the \menu{Files} shortcut in the Launcher, click on a directory in the Dash, or double-click a directory on the desktop, Ubuntu will open the \application{Files} file manager. The default window contains the following features:

\application{Files} file manager displaying your home directory.