Translations by Kyewon Kim

name={\acronym{GNOME}}, description={\acronym{GNOME} is a popular desktop environment and was former the default desktop environment used in Ubuntu.}

name={\acronym{GUI}}, description={The \acronym{GUI} (which stands for Graphical User Interface) is a type of user interface that allows humans to interact with the computer using graphics and images rather than just text.}

name={\acronym{ISP}}, description={\acronym{ISP} stands for \emph{Internet Service Provider}, an \acronym{ISP} is a company that provides you with your Internet connection.}

name={kernel}, description={A kernel is the central portion of a Unix-based operating system, responsible for running applications, processes, and providing security for the core components.}

name={Live \acronym{DVD}}, description={A Live \acronym{DVD} allows you to try out an operating system before you actually install it, this is useful for testing your hardware, diagnosing problems and recovering your system.}

name={\acronym{LTS}}, description={\acronym{LTS} stands for long-term support and is a type of Ubuntu release that is officially supported for far longer than the standard releases.}

name={maximize}, description={When you maximize an application in Ubuntu it will fill the whole desktop, excluding the panels.}

name={minimize}, description={When you minimize an open application, the window will no longer be shown. If you click on a minimized application's icon in the Launcher, it will be restored to its normal state and allow you to interact with it.}

name={notification area}, description={The notification area is an applet on the panel that provides you with all sorts of information such as volume control, the current song playing in Rhythmbox, your Internet connection status and email status.}

name={output}, description={The output of a command is any text it displays on the next line after typing a command and pressing enter, \eg, if you type \commandlineapp{pwd} into a terminal and press \keystroke{Enter}, the directory name it displays on the next line is the output.}

name={panel}, description={A panel is a bar that sits on the edge of your screen. It contains \glspl{applet} which provide useful functions such as running programs, viewing the time, or accessing the main menu.}

name={parameter}, description={Parameters are special options that you can use with other commands in the terminal to make that command behave differently, this can make a lot of commands far more useful.}

name={partition}, description={A partition is an area of allocated space on a hard drive where you can put data.}

name={partitioning}, description={Partitioning is the process of creating a \gls{partition}.}

name={\acronym{PPA}}, description={A personal package archive (\acronym{PPA}) is a custom software repository that typically contains either packages that aren't available in the primary Ubuntu repositories or newer versions of packages that are available in the primary repositories.}, plural={\acronym{PPA}s}

name={prompt}, description={The prompt displays some useful information about your computer. It can be customized to display in different colors, display the time, date, and current directory or almost anything else you like.}

name={proprietary}, description={Software made by companies that don't release their source code under an open source license.}

name={router}, description={A router is a specially designed computer that, using its software and hardware, routes information from the Internet to a network. It is also sometimes called a gateway.}

name={server}, description={A server is a computer that runs a specialized operating system and provides services to computers that connect to it and make a request.}

name={shell}, description={The \gls{terminal} gives access to the shell, when you type a command into the terminal and press enter the shell takes that command and performs the relevant action.}

name={terminal}, description={The terminal is Ubuntu's text-based interface. It is a method of controlling the operating system using only commands entered via the keyboard as opposed to using a \gls{GUI} like Unity.}

name={\acronym{USB}}, description={Universal Serial Bus is a standard interface specification for connecting peripheral hardware devices to computers. \acronym{USB} devices range from external hard drives to scanners and printers.}

name={wired connection}, description={A wired connection is when your computer is physically connected to a \gls{router} or \gls{Ethernet port} with a cable. This is the most common method of connecting to the Internet and local network for desktop computers.}

name={wireless connection}, description={A network connection that uses a wireless signal to communicate with either a \gls{router}, access point, or computer.}

Revision number

Revision date

Title page

Ubuntu Manual Project

\plaintitle is a comprehensive beginner's guide designed for the Ubuntu operating system. It is written under an open source license and is free for you to download, read, modify, and share. This manual will help you become familiar with everyday tasks such as surfing the web, listening to music, and scanning documents. With an emphasis on easy-to-follow instructions, it is suitable for all levels of experience.

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution--Share Alike 3.0 License. To view a copy of this license, see \hyperref[ch:license]{\appendixname}~\ref{ch:license}, visit \url{http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/}, or send a letter to Creative Commons, 171 Second Street, Suite 300, San Francisco, California, 94105, USA.

\textit{\plaintitle} can be downloaded for free from \url{http://ubuntu-manual.org/} or purchased from \url{\printurl}. A printed copy of this book can be ordered for the price of printing and delivery. We permit and even encourage you to distribute a copy of this book to colleagues, friends, family, and anyone else who might be interested.

Our goal is to cover the basics of Ubuntu (such as installation and working with the desktop) as well as hardware and software management, working with the command line, and security. We designed this guide to be simple to follow, with step-by-step instructions and plenty of screenshots, allowing you to discover the potential of your new Ubuntu system.

For more detailed information on any aspect of the Ubuntu desktop, see the ``Ubuntu Desktop Guide,'' which can be obtained in any of the following ways:

in the Dash, type \userinput{help}.

If something isn't covered in this manual, chances are you will find the information you are looking for in one of those locations. We will try our best to include links to more detailed help wherever we can.

Ubuntu Philosophy

Ubuntu Promise

Ubuntu's core applications are all free and open source. We want you to use free and open source software, improve it, and pass it on.

With more people working on the project than ever before, its core features and hardware support continue to improve, and Ubuntu has gained the attention of large organizations worldwide.

The Linux \Index{kernel} is the controller of the operating system; it is responsible for allocating memory and processor time. It can also be thought of as the program which manages any and all applications on the computer itself.

Before you decide whether or not Ubuntu is right for you, we suggest giving yourself some time to grow accustomed to the way things are done in Ubuntu. You should expect to find that some things are different from what you are used to. We also suggest taking the following into account:

Ubuntu is community based.

Many people have contributed their time to this project. If you notice any errors or think we have left something out, feel free to contact us. We do everything we can to make sure that this manual is up to date, informative, and professional. Our contact details are as follows:

Bug Reports: \url{https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu-manual/+filebug}

Mailing list: \href{mailto:ubuntu-manual@lists.launchpad.net}{ubuntu-manual@lists.launchpad.net}

Want to help?

We are always looking for talented people to work with, and due to the size of the project we are fortunate to be able to cater to a wide range of skill sets:

Authors and editors

Programmers (Python or \TeX)

User interface designers