Translations by Sasa Batistic

This menu also allows you to view technical details about your current connection or edit all connection settings. In the image to the right you will see a check mark next to ``Enable Networking.'' Deselect ``Enable Networking'' to disable all network connections. Select ``Enable Networking'' to enable networking again. This can be very useful when you are required to turn off all wireless communications, like in an airplane.

{Something else}

{Install alongside other operating systems}

{Erase \ldots\ and install Ubuntu}

name={applet}, description={A small program that runs in a \gls{panel}. Applets provide useful functions such as starting a program, viewing the time, or accessing the main menu of an application.}

name={desktop environment}, description={A generic term to describe a \acronym{GUI} interface for humans to interact with computers. There are many desktop environments such as \acronym{GNOME}, \acronym{KDE}, \acronym{XFCE} and \acronym{LXDE}, to name a few.}

name={\acronym{DHCP}}, description={\acronym{DHCP} stands for \emph{Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol}, it is used by a \acronym{DHCP} \gls{server} to assign computers on a network an \acronym{IP} address automatically.}

name={notification area}, description={The notification area is an applet on the panel that provides you with all sorts of information such as volume control, the current song playing in Rhythmbox, your Internet connection status and email status.}

name={package}, description={Packages contain software in a ready-to-install format. Most of the time you can use the \gls{Software Center} instead of manually installing packages. Packages have a \texttt{.deb} extension in Ubuntu.}

name={server}, description={A server is a computer that runs a specialized operating system and provides services to computers that connect to it and make a request.}

\emph{Getting Started with Ubuntu 13.10} is not intended to be a comprehensive Ubuntu instruction manual. It is a quick-start guide that will get you doing the things you need to do with your computer easily, without getting bogged down with technical details. Ubuntu 13.10 incorporates many new and improved features, including new icons (some dynamic), more appearance options, locally integrated menus, and smart scopes, to name just a few. With the help of this guide, it should not take long before new users get used to the Unity desktop environment. Unity includes the Starter, the Dash, the \acronym{HUD}, indicators, and an on-screen display notification system (\acronym{OSD}). All these features will be explained in this guide.

If your computer is older, a netbook, or you do not know the type of processor in the computer, install the 32-bit version.

If your \acronym{PC} is able to boot from a \acronym{USB} stick, you may prefer to use a \acronym{USB} memory stick instead of burning a \acronym{DVD}. Scroll down to ``Burn your \acronym{DVD} or create a \acronym{USB} drive,'' select \emph{\acronym{DVD}} or \emph{\acronym{USB} stick}, choose the \acronym{OS} you are using to create the \acronym{USB} drive, and then click \emph{Show me how}. If you select the ``\acronym{USB} Stick'' option, your installation will be running from the \acronym{USB} memory stick. In this case, references to Live \acronym{DVD}, will refer to the \acronym{USB} memory stick.

Trying out Ubuntu

Internet connection

Select \radiobutton{Connect to this network}, and then select your network from the list.

If the list does not appear immediately, wait until a triangle/arrow appears next to the network adapter, and then click the arrow to see the available networks.

In the \textfield{Password} field, enter the network \acronym{WEP} or \acronym{WPA} key (if necessary).

Click \button{Connect} to continue.

Something else

Install alongside other operating systems.

This option will keep all of your Documents, music, pictures, and other personal files. Installed software will be kept when possible (not all your currently installed software may be supported on the new version). System-wide settings will be cleared.

Erase disk and install Ubuntu

\marginnote{To read more about other variants of Ubuntu, refer to \chaplink{ch:learning-more}.} In Linux distributions (such as Ubuntu), a number of desktop environments are available. Ubuntu uses \application{Unity} as the default desktop environment. After installing and logging in to Ubuntu, you will see the Unity desktop. This initial view is comprised of the desktop background and two bars\dash a horizontal one located at the top of your desktop called the \emph{menu bar} and a vertically-oriented bar at the far left called the \emph{Launcher}.

If you open more applications than can be shown in the Launcher, the Launcher will ``fold'' the application icons at the bottom of the Launcher. Simply move your mouse to the bottom of the Launcher, and you'll see the Launcher icons ``slide'' and the folded application icons unfold for easy access.

You can also run an application through the Dash which will be explored in the upcoming \seclink{sec:dash} section.

\marginnote{For more information about the Dash and its lenses, see: \url{https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Unity}.} The Dash helps you quickly finding applications and files on your computer. If you've used Windows in the past, you'll find the Dash to be similar to the Windows Start menu or the Start Screen in Windows 8. Mac users will find the Dash similar to Launchpad in the dock. If you've used a previous version of Ubuntu or another \acronym{GNOME} Linux distribution, the Dash serves as a replacement for the various \acronym{GNOME}~2 menus. The Dash allows you to search for information, both locally (installed applications, recent files, bookmarks, etc.) as well as remotely (Twitter, Google Docs, etc.).

To move a window around the workspace, place the mouse pointer over the window's title bar, then click and drag the window while continuing to hold down the left mouse button. You can also move a window by holding the \keystroke{Alt} key and then clicking and holding the left mouse button while pointing at the title bar of the window and dragging the window to a new location. To resize a window, place the pointer on an edge or corner of the window so that the pointer turns into a larger, two-sided arrow (known as the resize icon). You can then click and drag to resize the window.

[toolbar] On the right side of the toolbar, there are five buttons: \button{Search} (represented by a magnifying glass), \button{View items as a grid}, \button{View items as a list}, \button{View options} (represented by a down arrow), and \button{Location options} (represented by a cog); clicking on the \button{Search} icon opens a field so you can search for a file or folder by name. Clicking on the options buttons \button{Location options} or \button{View options} opens a menu with options. On the left side of the toolbar, you will see a representation of your current browsing. This is similar to the history function in most web browsers; it keeps track of where you are and allows you to backtrack if necessary. You can click on any of the locations to navigate back through the file browser. The buttons \button{Previous location} and {Next location} allow you to navigate through previously visited locations.

Switch the \button{Auto-hide the Launcher} to either show the Launcher or reveal it when moving the pointer to the defined hot spot. When turned on, you can choose the reveal location \dash Left side or Top left corner \dash and the reveal sensitivity.

If your network supports \acronym{DHCP}, then you may already be set up for online access. To check this, click on the NetworkManager icon. There should be a ``Ethernet Network'' heading in the menu. If ``Wired connection~1'' appears directly underneath, then your machine is currently connected and probably setup for \acronym{DHCP}. If ``Disconnected'' appears in gray underneath the wired network section, look below to see if an option labeled ``Wired connection 1'' appears in the list. If so, click on it to attempt to establish a wired connection.

If the network is password-protected, Ubuntu will display a window called \window{Wireless Network Authentication Required} as it tries to make a connection. This means that a valid password is required to make a connection. This is what the screen should look like:

If you entered the password incorrectly, or if it doesn't match the correct password (for example if it has recently been changed and you have forgotten), \application{NetworkManager} will make another attempt to connect to the network, and the \window{Wireless Network Authentication Required} window will re-appear so that you can re-type the password. You can hit the \button{Cancel} button to abort the connection. If you do not know the correct password, you may need to call your \acronym{ISP}'s customer support line or contact your network administrator.

If you have numerous wireless networks in range that are saved on your computer, Ubuntu may choose to connect to one network while you may want to connect to another network. To remedy this action, click on the \application{NetworkManager} icon. A list of wireless networks will appear along with their signal meters. Simply click on the network to which you wish to connect, and Ubuntu will disconnect from the current network and attempt to connect to the one you have selected.

If the \checkbox{Connect automatically} option is not selected, Ubuntu will detect the wireless network but will not attempt a connection until it is selected from the \application{NetworkManager} menu. Select or deselect this option as needed.

Move the mouse pointer until it changes to a pointing finger. This happens whenever the pointer is over a link. Most links are underlined text, but buttons and pictures on a web page can also be links.

In the top right corner of the Ubuntu desktop you will see an envelope icon in the \gls{notification area}. This is the \define{messaging menu}. From here, you can launch \application{Thunderbird} by clicking \button{Set up Mail}. Alternatively, you can click the Ubuntu button in the top left corner of the screen at the top of the Launcher to bring up the Dash and type \userinput{thunderbird} into the search box. Once \application{Thunderbird} opens, you will be greeted by a pop-up box prompting you to setup your email account.

This specifies how much ink is used when printing, \dropdown{Fast Draft} using the least ink and \dropdown{High-Resolution Photo} using the most ink.

\marginnote{You should note that by default in any Ubuntu installation, the input sound for mic is either very low or muted. You will have to manually increase the volume or unmute the input to enable your microphone to record sound or use it during audio/video calls.} The second tab is for configuring audio \emph{Input}. You will be able to use this section when you have an in-built microphone in your system or if you've plugged in an external microphone. You can also add a Bluetooth headset to your input devices which can serve as a microphone. You can increase/decrease and mute/unmute input volume from this tab. If there is more than one input device, you will see them listed in the white box which reads \emph{Choose a device for sound input}. If you run voip applications such as Skype, you will find the microphone slider just below the volume slider in the top panel sound menu during a voice or video call. \marginnote{By default, the volume in Ubuntu is set to maximum during installation.}

Introduced in Ubuntu 11.04, multi-touch and gesture support has been gaining good amount of attention from developers at Canonical. Ubuntu now has full support for multitouch gestures. This means that anyone with a touch-enabled device or interface can use the multitouch features. Once triggered, resizing and moving windows in touch-friendly devices can be done using three fingered tap on an application window.

Ubuntu 13.04 improves upon the functionalities incorporated in Ubuntu 11.10 for options to enable two-finger scrolling similar to Mac \acronym{OS~X} laptops and desktops. This setting can be enabled from \menu{System Setting \then Mouse and Touchpad \then Touchpad}. Select ``Two-finger scrolling'' from the \emph{Scrolling} options. You can also search for \userinput{Mouse and Touchpad} from the Dash search bar and enable the option. Please note that enabling two finger scrolling will disable edge scrolling.

Installing software in Ubuntu extends the functionality and usability of this operating system. This chapter describes the way Ubuntu manages software installation and how it keeps all software current.

Package management system

Most other operating systems require a user to purchase commercial software (online or through a physical store) or search the Internet for a free alternative (if one is available). The correct installation file must then be verified for integrity, downloaded, and located on the computer, followed by the user proceeding through a number of installation prompts and options. A package management system removes the user interaction from these steps and automates most, if not all, of the installation process.

To distribute applications and software, Ubuntu grants permission to many servers all across the world to act as official \emph{mirrors} to host an exact copy of all the files contained in the official Ubuntu repositories.

[For long-term support versions] Choose this option if you need a release that will be more stable and have support for a longer time. If you use Ubuntu for business purposes, you may want to consider selecting this option.

This chapter has been written with advanced users in mind. If you're new to Ubuntu, don't feel as though you'll need to master these topics to get the most out of your new software (you can easily skip to the next chapter without any adverse impact to your experience with Ubuntu). However, if you're looking to expand your knowledge of Ubuntu, we encourage you to keep reading.

The \emph{terminal} gives you access to what is called a \emph{shell}. When you type a command in the \gls{terminal}, the \gls{shell} interprets this command, resulting in the desired action. Different types of shells accept slightly different commands. The most popular is called ``bash,'' and is the default shell in Ubuntu. When the terminal window opens, it will be largely blank with the exception of some text at the top left of the screen, followed by a blinking block, known as a \emph{cursor}. This text is your \gls{prompt}\dash it displays, by default, your login name and your computer's name, followed by the current directory. The tilde (\textasciitilde) means that the current directory is your home directory. Finally, the blinking block is called the cursor\dash this marks where text will be entered as you type.

We begin our discussion of the Ubuntu file system structure at the top \dash also known as the root directory \dash as denoted by \filepath{/}. The root directory contains all other directories and files on your system. Below the root directory are the following essential directories: