Translations by Pandu Pradana

\providecommand{\polang}{en_US}

\setmaxscreenshot{screenshots/en/02-blank-desktop.png}

\newglossaryentry{Canonical}{name={Canonical}, description={Canonical, the financial backer of Ubuntu, provides support for the core Ubuntu system. It has over 310 paid staff members worldwide who ensure that the foundation of the operating system is stable, as well as checking all the work submitted by volunteer contributors. To learn more about Canonical, go to \url{http://www.canonical.com}.}}

\newglossaryentry{MeMenu}{name={MeMenu}, description={The MeMenu in Ubuntu 10.04 allows you to manage your presence on social networking services. It also allows you to publish status messages to all of your accounts by entering updates into a text field.}}

\newglossaryentry{minimize}{name={minimize}, description={When you minimize an open application, it sits in an applet on a panel. If you click on a minimized applications panel button, it will then be restored to its normal state and allow you to interact with it.}}

\newglossaryentry{notification area}{name={notification area}, description={The notification area is an applet on the panel that provides you with all sorts of information such as volume control, the current song playing in Rhythmbox, your internet connection status and email status.}}

\newglossaryentry{output}{name={output}, description={The output of a command is any text it displays on the next line after typing a command and pressing enter, \eg, if you type \commandlineapp{pwd} into a terminal and press \keystroke{Enter}, the directory name it displays on the next line is the output.}}

\newglossaryentry{shell}{name={shell}, description={The \gls{terminal} gives access to the shell, when you type a command into the terminal and press enter the shell takes that command and performs the relevant action.}}

\newglossaryentry{Software Center}{name={Software Center}, description={The Software Center is where you can easily manage software installation and removal as well as the ability to manage software installed via Personal Package Archives.}}

\newglossaryentry{wired connection}{name={wired connection}, description={A wired connection is when your computer is physically connected to a \gls{router} or \gls{Ethernet port} with a cable, this is the most common connection for desktop computers.}}

\newglossaryentry{wireless connection}{name={wireless connection}, description={A wireless connection involves no cables of any sort and instead uses a wireless signal to communicate with either a \gls{router} or access point.}}

\newglossaryentry{Wubi}{name={Wubi}, description={Wubi stands for Windows Ubuntu Installer, and it allows you to install Ubuntu inside Windows. See page~\pageref{sec:installation:using-wubi} for more information.}}

\noindent Copyright \textcopyright{} \the\year{} by The Ubuntu Manual Team. Some rights reserved. \ccbysa

What is Linux?

Conventions used in this book

The following typographic conventions are used in this book:

\marginnote{Many companies (such as Dell and System76) sell computers with Ubuntu pre-installed. If you already have Ubuntu installed on your computer, feel free to skip to \chaplink{ch:the-ubuntu-desktop}.}

\marginnote{You will be required to create a free online account with Launchpad before you can place your \acronym{CD} order. Once you have Ubuntu installed and running, you will need this account again for use with all \textbf{Ubuntu One} services. See \chaplink{ch:default-applications} for more information on Ubuntu One.} Alternatively, a free \acronym{CD} can be ordered from Canonical. This option may be preferred if you don't have access to a \acronym{CD} burner, have limited bandwidth, or a slow Internet connection. There are no shipping costs or other charges when you order an Ubuntu \acronym{CD}. Simply visit \url{http://shipit.ubuntu.com} to request your free Ubuntu Desktop Edition \acronym{CD}.

The \acronym{CD} usually takes two to six weeks to arrive, depending on your location and the current demand. If you would rather start using Ubuntu sooner, you may prefer to follow the instructions above for downloading the \acronym{CD} image, and then burn it to a disc instead.

\marginnote{It is possible to purchase Ubuntu on \acronym{CD} from some computer stores or online shops. Have a look around your local area or on the Internet to see if someone is selling it near you. Even though Ubuntu is free software, it's not illegal for people to sell it.}

The Ubuntu \acronym{CD} functions not only as an installation \acronym{CD} for putting Ubuntu onto your computer, but also as a Live \acronym{CD}. A Live \acronym{CD} allows you to test Ubuntu without making any permanent changes to your computer by running the entire operating system straight from the \acronym{CD}.

The speed at which your computer can read information from a \acronym{CD} is much slower than reading information from a hard drive. Running Ubuntu from the Live \acronym{CD} also occupies a large portion of your computer's memory, which would usually be available for programs to access when Ubuntu is running from your hard drive. The Live \acronym{CD} experience will therefore feel slightly slower than it does when Ubuntu is actually installed on your computer. However, running Ubuntu from the \acronym{CD} is a great way to test things out and allows you to try the default applications, browse the Internet, and get a general feel for the operating system. It's also useful for checking that your computer hardware works properly in Ubuntu and that there are no major compatibility issues.

\marginnote{In some cases, your computer will run as normal and appear not to recognize the Ubuntu \acronym{CD} is present as it starts up. This is okay, generally it means that the priority given to \emph{devices} when your computer is starting needs to be changed. For example, your computer might be set to look for information from your hard drive first, and then to look for information on a \acronym{CD} second. In order to run Ubuntu from the Live \acronym{CD}, we want it to look for information from a \acronym{CD} first. Changing your \emph{boot priority} is beyond the scope of this guide. If you need assistance to change the boot priority, see your computer manufacturer's documentation for more information.}

To try out Ubuntu using the Live \acronym{CD}, insert the Ubuntu \acronym{CD} into your \acronym{CD} drive and restart your computer. Most computers are able to detect when a ``bootable'' \acronym{CD} is present in your drive at startup\dash that is, a \acronym{CD} that will temporarily take precedence over your usual operating system. As your computer starts, it will run whatever information is stored on this bootable \acronym{CD}, rather than the information stored on your hard drive which your computer usually looks for.

Once your computer finds the Live \acronym{CD} and after a quick loading screen, you will presented with the ``Welcome'' screen. Using your mouse, select your language from the list on the left, then click the button labeled \button{Try Ubuntu 10.04}. Ubuntu will then start up, running straight from the Live \acronym{CD}.

\screenshot{01-live-cd-welcome.png}{ss:live-cd-welcome}{The welcome screen allows you to choose your language.}

3~\acronym{GB} of disk space

\marginnote{Alternatively, you can also use your mouse to double-click the ``Install Ubuntu 10.04'' icon that is visible on the desktop when using the Live \acronym{CD}. This will start the Ubuntu installer.} If you have already tested out the Ubuntu Live \acronym{CD}, you should now be familiar with the initial ``Welcome'' screen that appears (refer to \seclink{sec:livecd} section above for more information). Again, select your language on the left-hand side, then click the button labeled \button{Install Ubuntu 10.04.}

At least 3~\acronym{GB} of free space on your hard drive is required in order to install Ubuntu, however, 10~\acronym{GB} or more of free space is recommended. That way you will have plenty of room to install extra programs later on, as well as store your own documents, music and photos.

To get started, place the Ubuntu \acronym{CD} in your \acronym{CD} drive and restart your computer.

your real name,

your desired password,

what you want to call your computer,

how you want Ubuntu to log you in.

Type in your full name under ``What is your name?''. The next text field is where you select a username for yourself, and is the name that will be displayed at the Ubuntu login screen when you turn on your computer. You will see this is automatically filled in for you with your first name. Most people find it easiest to stick with this, however, it can be changed if you prefer.

\marginnote{Although you can choose your preferred username and computer name, you are required to stick with letters, numbers, hyphens, and dots. You will receive a warning if symbols or other characters are entered, and until this is altered you will be unable to progress to the next screen.}

Next, choose a password and enter it into the first password field on the left, then type the same again into the right field to verify. When both passwords match, a strength rating will appear on the right that will tell you whether your password is ``too short,'' ``weak,'' ``fair,'' or ``strong.'' You will be able to continue the installation process regardless of your password strength, however, for security reasons it is best to choose a strong one. This is best achieved by having a password that is at least six characters long, and is a mixture of letters, numbers, symbols, and uppercase/lowercase. For extra security, avoid obvious passwords like your birth date, spouse's name, or the name of your pet.

Now you need to decide on your computer's name. Again, this will be filled in for you automatically using the login name you entered above (it will say something like ``john-desktop'' or ``john-laptop.''), however, it can be changed if you prefer. Your computer name will mainly be used for identifying your computer if you are on a home or office network with multiple other computers. To learn more about setting up a network, refer to \chaplink{ch:default-applications}.

Finally, at the bottom of this screen you have three options to choose from regarding how you want to log in to Ubuntu.

Ubuntu will log in to your primary account automatically when you start up the computer so you won't have to enter your username and password. This makes your login experience quicker and more convenient, however, if privacy or security are important to you, this option is not recommended. Anyone who can physically access your computer will be able to turn it on and also access your files.

Require my password to login and decrypt my home folder

This option provides you with an extra layer of security. Your home folder is where your personal files are stored. By selecting this option, Ubuntu will automatically enable encryption on your home folder, meaning that files and folders must be \emph{decrypted} using your password before they can be accessed. Therefore if someone had physical access to your hard drive (for example, if your computer was stolen and the hard drive removed), they would still not be able to see your files without knowing your password. \warning{If you choose this option, be careful not to enable automatic login at a later date. It will cause complications with your encrypted home folder, and will potentially lock you out of important files.}

The last screen summarizes your install settings, including any changes that will be made to the partitions on your hard drive. Note the warning about data being destroyed on any removed or formatted partitions\dash if you have important information on your hard drive that is not backed up, now would be a good time to check that you have set up your partitions correctly. \marginnote{You should not need to click the \button{Advanced} button unless you wish to change your bootloader settings or network proxy. These are more advanced tasks and beyond the scope of this guide.} Once you have made sure that all the settings are correct, click on \button{Install} to begin the installation process.

Ubuntu will now install. As the installation progresses, a slideshow will give you an introduction to some of the default applications included with Ubuntu. These applications are covered in more detail in \chaplink{ch:default-applications}.

After approximately twenty minutes, the installation will complete and you will be able to click \button{Restart Now} to restart your computer and start Ubuntu. The \acronym{CD} will be ejected, so remove it from your \acronym{CD} drive and press \keystroke{Enter} to continue.

\screenshot{01-restart-now.png}{ss:restart-now}{You are now ready to restart your computer.}

Wait while your computer restarts, and you will then see the login window (unless you selected automatic login).

Click your username and enter your password, then press \keystroke{Enter} or click \button{Log in}. You will then be logged in to Ubuntu and will be presented with your new desktop!

At first glance, you will notice many similarities between Ubuntu and other operating systems such as Windows or Mac \acronym{OS~X}. This is because they are all based on the concept of a graphical user interface (\gls{GUI})\dash that is, you use your mouse to navigate the desktop, open programs, move files, and perform most other tasks. In short, things are very visually oriented, which means it is important for you to become familiar with where and what to click in Ubuntu.