Browsing Polish translation

29.

The server also reads a file containing mime document types; the filename is set by the <emphasis>TypesConfig</emphasis> directive, typically via <filename>/etc/apache2/mods-available/mime.conf</filename>, which might also include additions and overrides, and is <filename>/etc/mime.types</filename> by default.

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Basic Settings

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This section explains Apache2 server essential configuration parameters. Refer to the <ulink url="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/">Apache2 Documentation</ulink> for more details.

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Apache2 ships with a virtual-host-friendly default configuration. That is, it is configured with a single default virtual host (using the <emphasis>VirtualHost</emphasis> directive) which can be modified or used as-is if you have a single site, or used as a template for additional virtual hosts if you have multiple sites. If left alone, the default virtual host will serve as your default site, or the site users will see if the URL they enter does not match the <emphasis>ServerName</emphasis> directive of any of your custom sites. To modify the default virtual host, edit the file <filename>/etc/apache2/sites-available/000-default.conf</filename>.

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The directives set for a virtual host only apply to that particular virtual host. If a directive is set server-wide and not defined within the virtual host settings, the default setting is used. For example, you can define a Webmaster email address and not define individual email addresses for each virtual host.

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If you wish to configure a new virtual host or site, copy that file into the same directory with a name you choose. For example:

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sudo cp /etc/apache2/sites-available/000-default.conf /etc/apache2/sites-available/mynewsite.conf

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Edit the new file to configure the new site using some of the directives described below.

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The <emphasis>ServerAdmin</emphasis> directive specifies the email address to be advertised for the server's administrator. The default value is webmaster@localhost. This should be changed to an email address that is delivered to you (if you are the server's administrator). If your website has a problem, Apache2 will display an error message containing this email address to report the problem to. Find this directive in your site's configuration file in /etc/apache2/sites-available.

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The <emphasis>Listen</emphasis> directive specifies the port, and optionally the IP address, Apache2 should listen on. If the IP address is not specified, Apache2 will listen on all IP addresses assigned to the machine it runs on. The default value for the Listen directive is 80. Change this to 127.0.0.1:80 to cause Apache2 to listen only on your loopback interface so that it will not be available to the Internet, to (for example) 81 to change the port that it listens on, or leave it as is for normal operation. This directive can be found and changed in its own file, <filename>/etc/apache2/ports.conf</filename>