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478.

Change the shell working directory.

Change the current directory to DIR. The default DIR is the value of the
HOME shell variable.

The variable CDPATH defines the search path for the directory containing
DIR. Alternative directory names in CDPATH are separated by a colon (:).
A null directory name is the same as the current directory. If DIR begins
with a slash (/), then CDPATH is not used.

If the directory is not found, and the shell option `cdable_vars' is set,
the word is assumed to be a variable name. If that variable has a value,
its value is used for DIR.

Options:
-L[tab]force symbolic links to be followed
-P[tab]use the physical directory structure without following symbolic
[tab]links
-e[tab]if the -P option is supplied, and the current working directory
[tab]cannot be determined successfully, exit with a non-zero status

The default is to follow symbolic links, as if `-L' were specified.

Exit Status:
Returns 0 if the directory is changed, and if $PWD is set successfully when
-P is used; non-zero otherwise.

479.

Print the name of the current working directory.

Options:
-L[tab]print the value of $PWD if it names the current working
[tab]directory
-P[tab]print the physical directory, without any symbolic links

By default, `pwd' behaves as if `-L' were specified.

Exit Status:
Returns 0 unless an invalid option is given or the current directory
cannot be read.

480.

Null command.

No effect; the command does nothing.

Exit Status:
Always succeeds.

481.

Return a successful result.

Exit Status:
Always succeeds.

482.

Return an unsuccessful result.

Exit Status:
Always fails.

483.

Execute a simple command or display information about commands.

Runs COMMAND with ARGS suppressing shell function lookup, or display
information about the specified COMMANDs. Can be used to invoke commands
on disk when a function with the same name exists.

Options:
-p[tab]use a default value for PATH that is guaranteed to find all of
[tab]the standard utilities
-v[tab]print a description of COMMAND similar to the `type' builtin
-V[tab]print a more verbose description of each COMMAND

Exit Status:
Returns exit status of COMMAND, or failure if COMMAND is not found.

484.

Set variable values and attributes.

Declare variables and give them attributes. If no NAMEs are given,
display the attributes and values of all variables.

Options:
-f[tab]restrict action or display to function names and definitions
-F[tab]restrict display to function names only (plus line number and
[tab]source file when debugging)
-g[tab]create global variables when used in a shell function; otherwise
[tab]ignored
-p[tab]display the attributes and value of each NAME

Options which set attributes:
-a[tab]to make NAMEs indexed arrays (if supported)
-A[tab]to make NAMEs associative arrays (if supported)
-i[tab]to make NAMEs have the `integer' attribute
-l[tab]to convert NAMEs to lower case on assignment
-r[tab]to make NAMEs readonly
-t[tab]to make NAMEs have the `trace' attribute
-u[tab]to convert NAMEs to upper case on assignment
-x[tab]to make NAMEs export

Using `+' instead of `-' turns off the given attribute.

Variables with the integer attribute have arithmetic evaluation (see
the `let' command) performed when the variable is assigned a value.

When used in a function, `declare' makes NAMEs local, as with the `local'
command. The `-g' option suppresses this behavior.

Exit Status:
Returns success unless an invalid option is supplied or an error occurs.

485.

Set variable values and attributes.

Obsolete. See `help declare'.

486.

Define local variables.

Create a local variable called NAME, and give it VALUE. OPTION can
be any option accepted by `declare'.

Local variables can only be used within a function; they are visible
only to the function where they are defined and its children.

Exit Status:
Returns success unless an invalid option is supplied, an error occurs,
or the shell is not executing a function.

487.

Write arguments to the standard output.

Display the ARGs on the standard output followed by a newline.

Options:
-n[tab]do not append a newline
-e[tab]enable interpretation of the following backslash escapes
-E[tab]explicitly suppress interpretation of backslash escapes

`echo' interprets the following backslash-escaped characters:
\a[tab]alert (bell)
\b[tab]backspace
\c[tab]suppress further output
\e[tab]escape character
\f[tab]form feed
\n[tab]new line
\r[tab]carriage return
\t[tab]horizontal tab
\v[tab]vertical tab
\\[tab]backslash
\0nnn[tab]the character whose ASCII code is NNN (octal). NNN can be
[tab]0 to 3 octal digits
\xHH[tab]the eight-bit character whose value is HH (hexadecimal). HH
[tab]can be one or two hex digits

Exit Status:
Returns success unless a write error occurs.