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39.

<filename>var</filename>

40.

Variable data

41.

<filename>srv</filename>

42.

Data for services provided by the system

43.

<filename>opt</filename>

44.

Add-on application software packages

45.

The following is a list of important considerations regarding directories and partitions. Note that disk usage varies widely given system configuration and specific usage patterns. The recommendations here are general guidelines and provide a starting point for partitioning.

46.

The root partition <filename>/</filename> must always physically contain <filename>/etc</filename>, <filename>/bin</filename>, <filename>/sbin</filename>, <filename>/lib</filename> and <filename>/dev</filename>, otherwise you won't be able to boot. Typically 150&ndash;250MB is needed for the root partition.

47.

<filename>/usr</filename>: contains all user programs (<filename>/usr/bin</filename>), libraries (<filename>/usr/lib</filename>), documentation (<filename>/usr/share/doc</filename>), etc. This is the part of the file system that generally takes up most space. You should provide at least 500MB of disk space. This amount should be increased depending on the number and type of packages you plan to install. A generous workstation or server installation should allow 4&ndash;6GB.

48.

<filename>/var</filename>: variable data like news articles, e-mails, web sites, databases, the packaging system cache, etc. will be placed under this directory. The size of this directory depends greatly on the usage of your system, but for most people will be dictated by the package management tool's overhead. If you are going to do a full installation of just about everything Debian has to offer, all in one session, setting aside 2 or 3 GB of space for <filename>/var</filename> should be sufficient. If you are going to install in pieces (that is to say, install services and utilities, followed by text stuff, then X, ...), you can get away with 300&ndash;500 MB. If hard drive space is at a premium and you don't plan on doing major system updates, you can get by with as little as 30 or 40 MB.