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40.
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Directories and File Systems
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目录和文件系统
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Translated and reviewed by
xiaocao2000
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Located in
C/introduction.xml:90(title)
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41.
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Linux and Unix file systems are organised in a hierarchical, tree-like structure. The highest level of the file system is the <filename>/</filename> or <emphasis>root directory</emphasis>. In the Unix and Linux design philosophy, everything is considered a file - including hard disks, partitions and removable media. This means that all other files and directories (including other disks and partitions) exist under the root directory.
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Linux 和 Unix 文件系统被组织为一个有层次的树形结构。文件系统的最上层是 <filename>/</filename>，或称之为 <emphasis>根目录</emphasis>。在 Unix 和 Linux 的设计理念中，一切皆为文件——包括硬盘、分区和可插拔介质。这就意味着所有其它文件和目录（包括其它硬盘和分区）都位于根目录中。
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Translated and reviewed by
xiaocao2000
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Located in
C/introduction.xml:91(para)
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42.
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For example, <filename>/home/jebediah/cheeses.odt</filename> shows the correct full path to the <filename>cheeses.odt</filename> file that exists in the <filename>jebediah</filename> directory which is under the <filename>home</filename> directory, which in turn, is under the root (<filename>/</filename>) directory.
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举个例子： <filename>/home/jebediah/cheeses.odt</filename>这段字符串用于表示< filename>cheeses.odt</filename> 这个文件的位置。目录向上<filename>jebediah</filename> 这个目录就位于<filename>home</filename> 目录下，层层上推，就是(<filename>/</filename>) 这个目录了。
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Translated and reviewed by
xiaocao2000
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Located in
C/introduction.xml:93(para)
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43.
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Underneath the root (<filename>/</filename>) directory, there is a set of important system directories that are common across most Linux distributions that are used. The following is a listing of common directories that are directly under the root (<filename>/</filename>) directory:
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在根(<filename>/</filename>)目录下，有一组重要的系统目录，在大部分 Linux 发行版里都通行。直接位于根(<filename>/</filename>)目录下的常见目录列表如下：
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Translated and reviewed by
xiaocao2000
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Located in
C/introduction.xml:95(para)
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44.
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<filename>/bin</filename> - important <emphasis>bin</emphasis>ary applications
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<filename>/bin</filename> - 重要的 <emphasis>bin</emphasis>ary（二进制）应用程序
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Translated and reviewed by
xiaocao2000
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Located in
C/introduction.xml:99(para)
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45.
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<filename>/boot</filename> - <emphasis>boot</emphasis> configuration files
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<filename>/boot</filename> - 启动 (<emphasis>boot</emphasis>) 配置文件
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Translated and reviewed by
xiaocao2000
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Located in
C/introduction.xml:103(para)
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46.
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<filename>/dev</filename> - the <emphasis>dev</emphasis>ice files
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<filename>/dev</filename> - 设备 (<emphasis>dev</emphasis>ice) 文件
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Translated and reviewed by
xiaocao2000
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Located in
C/introduction.xml:107(para)
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47.
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<filename>/etc</filename> - configuration files, startup scripts, <emphasis>etc</emphasis>...
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<filename>/etc</filename> - 配置文件、启动脚本等(<emphasis>etc</emphasis>)
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Translated and reviewed by
xiaocao2000
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Located in
C/introduction.xml:111(para)
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48.
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<filename>/home</filename> - local users' <emphasis>home</emphasis> directories
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<filename>/home</filename> - 本地用户主(<emphasis>home</emphasis>)目录
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Translated and reviewed by
xiaocao2000
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Located in
C/introduction.xml:115(para)
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49.
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<filename>/lib</filename> - system <emphasis>lib</emphasis>raries
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<filename>/lib</filename>-系统的<emphasis>lib</emphasis>raries（库）文件
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Translated and reviewed by
xiaocao2000
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Located in
C/introduction.xml:119(para)
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