Browsing Turkish translation

518.

Set variable values and attributes.

Declare variables and give them attributes. If no NAMEs are given,
display the attributes and values of all variables.

Options:
-f[tab]restrict action or display to function names and definitions
-F[tab]restrict display to function names only (plus line number and
[tab][tab]source file when debugging)
-g[tab]create global variables when used in a shell function; otherwise
[tab][tab]ignored
-p[tab]display the attributes and value of each NAME

Options which set attributes:
-a[tab]to make NAMEs indexed arrays (if supported)
-A[tab]to make NAMEs associative arrays (if supported)
-i[tab]to make NAMEs have the `integer' attribute
-l[tab]to convert NAMEs to lower case on assignment
-n[tab]make NAME a reference to the variable named by its value
-r[tab]to make NAMEs readonly
-t[tab]to make NAMEs have the `trace' attribute
-u[tab]to convert NAMEs to upper case on assignment
-x[tab]to make NAMEs export

Using `+' instead of `-' turns off the given attribute.

Variables with the integer attribute have arithmetic evaluation (see
the `let' command) performed when the variable is assigned a value.

When used in a function, `declare' makes NAMEs local, as with the `local'
command. The `-g' option suppresses this behavior.

Exit Status:
Returns success unless an invalid option is supplied or a variable
assignment error occurs.

521.

Write arguments to the standard output.

Display the ARGs, separated by a single space character and followed by a
newline, on the standard output.

Options:
-n[tab]do not append a newline
-e[tab]enable interpretation of the following backslash escapes
-E[tab]explicitly suppress interpretation of backslash escapes

`echo' interprets the following backslash-escaped characters:
\a[tab]alert (bell)
\b[tab]backspace
\c[tab]suppress further output
\e[tab]escape character
\E[tab]escape character
\f[tab]form feed
\n[tab]new line
\r[tab]carriage return
\t[tab]horizontal tab
\v[tab]vertical tab
\\[tab]backslash
\0nnn[tab]the character whose ASCII code is NNN (octal). NNN can be
[tab][tab]0 to 3 octal digits
\xHH[tab]the eight-bit character whose value is HH (hexadecimal). HH
[tab][tab]can be one or two hex digits

Exit Status:
Returns success unless a write error occurs.

539.

Read a line from the standard input and split it into fields.

Reads a single line from the standard input, or from file descriptor FD
if the -u option is supplied. The line is split into fields as with word
splitting, and the first word is assigned to the first NAME, the second
word to the second NAME, and so on, with any leftover words assigned to
the last NAME. Only the characters found in $IFS are recognized as word
delimiters.

If no NAMEs are supplied, the line read is stored in the REPLY variable.

Options:
-a array[tab]assign the words read to sequential indices of the array
[tab][tab]variable ARRAY, starting at zero
-d delim[tab]continue until the first character of DELIM is read, rather
[tab][tab]than newline
-e[tab]use Readline to obtain the line in an interactive shell
-i text[tab]use TEXT as the initial text for Readline
-n nchars[tab]return after reading NCHARS characters rather than waiting
[tab][tab]for a newline, but honor a delimiter if fewer than
[tab][tab]NCHARS characters are read before the delimiter
-N nchars[tab]return only after reading exactly NCHARS characters, unless
[tab][tab]EOF is encountered or read times out, ignoring any
[tab][tab]delimiter
-p prompt[tab]output the string PROMPT without a trailing newline before
[tab][tab]attempting to read
-r[tab]do not allow backslashes to escape any characters
-s[tab]do not echo input coming from a terminal
-t timeout[tab]time out and return failure if a complete line of
[tab][tab]input is not read within TIMEOUT seconds. The value of the
[tab][tab]TMOUT variable is the default timeout. TIMEOUT may be a
[tab][tab]fractional number. If TIMEOUT is 0, read returns
[tab][tab]immediately, without trying to read any data, returning
[tab][tab]success only if input is available on the specified
[tab][tab]file descriptor. The exit status is greater than 128
[tab][tab]if the timeout is exceeded
-u fd[tab]read from file descriptor FD instead of the standard input

Exit Status:
The return code is zero, unless end-of-file is encountered, read times out
(in which case it's greater than 128), a variable assignment error occurs,
or an invalid file descriptor is supplied as the argument to -u.

542.

Unset values and attributes of shell variables and functions.

For each NAME, remove the corresponding variable or function.

Options:
-f[tab]treat each NAME as a shell function
-v[tab]treat each NAME as a shell variable
-n[tab]treat each NAME as a name reference and unset the variable itself
[tab][tab]rather than the variable it references

Without options, unset first tries to unset a variable, and if that fails,
tries to unset a function.

Some variables cannot be unset; also see `readonly'.

Exit Status:
Returns success unless an invalid option is given or a NAME is read-only.

543.

Set export attribute for shell variables.

Marks each NAME for automatic export to the environment of subsequently
executed commands. If VALUE is supplied, assign VALUE before exporting.

Options:
-f[tab]refer to shell functions
-n[tab]remove the export property from each NAME
-p[tab]display a list of all exported variables and functions

An argument of `--' disables further option processing.

Exit Status:
Returns success unless an invalid option is given or NAME is invalid.

544.

Mark shell variables as unchangeable.

Mark each NAME as read-only; the values of these NAMEs may not be
changed by subsequent assignment. If VALUE is supplied, assign VALUE
before marking as read-only.

Options:
-a[tab]refer to indexed array variables
-A[tab]refer to associative array variables
-f[tab]refer to shell functions
-p[tab]display a list of all readonly variables or functions,
[tab][tab]depending on whether or not the -f option is given

An argument of `--' disables further option processing.

Exit Status:
Returns success unless an invalid option is given or NAME is invalid.

545.

Shift positional parameters.

Rename the positional parameters $N+1,$N+2 ... to $1,$2 ... If N is
not given, it is assumed to be 1.

Exit Status:
Returns success unless N is negative or greater than $#.

547.

Suspend shell execution.

Suspend the execution of this shell until it receives a SIGCONT signal.
Unless forced, login shells cannot be suspended.

Options:
-f[tab]force the suspend, even if the shell is a login shell

Exit Status:
Returns success unless job control is not enabled or an error occurs.

551.

Trap signals and other events.

Defines and activates handlers to be run when the shell receives signals
or other conditions.

ARG is a command to be read and executed when the shell receives the
signal(s) SIGNAL_SPEC. If ARG is absent (and a single SIGNAL_SPEC
is supplied) or `-', each specified signal is reset to its original
value. If ARG is the null string each SIGNAL_SPEC is ignored by the
shell and by the commands it invokes.

If a SIGNAL_SPEC is EXIT (0) ARG is executed on exit from the shell. If
a SIGNAL_SPEC is DEBUG, ARG is executed before every simple command. If
a SIGNAL_SPEC is RETURN, ARG is executed each time a shell function or a
script run by the . or source builtins finishes executing. A SIGNAL_SPEC
of ERR means to execute ARG each time a command's failure would cause the
shell to exit when the -e option is enabled.

If no arguments are supplied, trap prints the list of commands associated
with each signal.

Options:
-l[tab]print a list of signal names and their corresponding numbers
-p[tab]display the trap commands associated with each SIGNAL_SPEC

Each SIGNAL_SPEC is either a signal name in <signal.h> or a signal number.
Signal names are case insensitive and the SIG prefix is optional. A
signal may be sent to the shell with "kill -signal $$".

Exit Status:
Returns success unless a SIGSPEC is invalid or an invalid option is given.

552.

Display information about command type.

For each NAME, indicate how it would be interpreted if used as a
command name.

Options:
-a[tab]display all locations containing an executable named NAME;
[tab][tab]includes aliases, builtins, and functions, if and only if
[tab][tab]the `-p' option is not also used
-f[tab]suppress shell function lookup
-P[tab]force a PATH search for each NAME, even if it is an alias,
[tab][tab]builtin, or function, and returns the name of the disk file
[tab][tab]that would be executed
-p[tab]returns either the name of the disk file that would be executed,
[tab][tab]or nothing if `type -t NAME' would not return `file'
-t[tab]output a single word which is one of `alias', `keyword',
[tab][tab]`function', `builtin', `file' or `', if NAME is an alias,
[tab][tab]shell reserved word, shell function, shell builtin, disk file,
[tab][tab]or not found, respectively

Arguments:
NAME[tab]Command name to be interpreted.

Exit Status:
Returns success if all of the NAMEs are found; fails if any are not found.