Browsing Chinese (Simplified) translation

51.

On Ubuntu, files and folders reside within a partition as they do with Microsoft Windows. However the partition is not normally referenced directly by the user. The user would typically say that files are "in my home directory" (when referring to /home/< username>), or "in the root directory" (when referring to / ) without specifying which partition on the disk those directories reside in.

52.

Under most standard installations of Ubuntu there will be only one partition where all files and folders reside. However if a user plugs in an external USB-connected memory stick or USB hard disk, Ubuntu will mount the partition(s) on that device under mount point(s) within the directory tree. For example a USB attached memory stick or hard disk will usually appear under /media/disk (unless the device has partitions which are labelled, in which case they will appear under /media/<labelname> )

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Further considerations

54.

As previously mentioned, resizing partitions is not a trivial task. Under most circumstances it requires that all filesystems involved are unmounted, this means they must not be in use. Typically then to resize partitions the system should be booted to an unused filesystem - such as a bootable Live CD. Considerable thought should therefor be given before partitioning a disk with regards to the number and sizes of partitions to be created to prevent later unnecessary resizing.

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Caution:

56.

You may run out of hard drive space in your home partition due to the sub-division of the drive into fixed-size partitions. This may occur even if the other partitions have plenty of usable space. Good and logical partitioning requires you to predict how much space each partition needs.

57.

For new users, home users and other single-user set-ups, a single root (/) partition with a swap partition would be the easiest and the most convenient to create and use. However, for multi-user systems or computers with lots of disk space, it is best to have the /home, /tmp, /usr and /var directories as individual partitions separate from the root (/) partition.

58.

root: Also called the slash directory, it is the highest directory of the directory tree. When creating the root partition, you need to ensure that the root should contain the /etc, /bin, /sbin, /lib and /dev directories, otherwise you will not be able to boot-up the system. You also need to ensure that the root partition is allocated at least 150-250 MB of disk space.

59.

/home: This directory contains all user-specific files and data. On a multi-user system, every user will store personal data in a sub-directory of this directory. The size of this directory would depend on the number of users using the system and the files they store in this directory. Ideally, you should plan the disk space for this partition based on your planned usage. In general, about 100-MB disk space can be allocated for each user. However, you may need to reserve a lot more space if you are planning to save a lot of multi-media files in your home directory.

60.

It is good practice to have /home on a separate partition because it allows for a smoother transition from one distribution to another.