Browsing Irish translation

39.

Used with the <command>-l</command> option, <command>ls</command> outputs other information along with the filename, such as the permissions on the file, the file's owner, and more.

40.

Used with the <command>-al</command> options, <command>ls</command> outputs the information associated with the <command>-l</command> option in addition to showing hidden files (<command>a</command> option).

41.

touch - create empty file

42.

The <command>touch</command> command is used either to change a file's access and modification timestamps or to create a new empty file. For example, <screen>touch foo</screen> will create a new empty file named <filename>foo</filename>. If <filename>foo</filename> is already a file, then using <command>touch</command> will update the timestamps on the file which will show the last time a file was <emphasis>touched</emphasis>.

43.

mkdir - make directory

44.

The <command>mkdir</command> command is used to create a new directory (<acronym>mkdir</acronym> stands for <quote>make directory</quote>). To create a new directory named <filename class="directory">foobar</filename>, type: <screen>mkdir foobar</screen>

45.

cp - copy files or directories

46.

The <command>cp</command> command makes a copy of a file or directory (<acronym>cp</acronym> is short for <quote>copy</quote>). To make an exact copy of <filename>foo</filename> and name it <filename>bar</filename>, type: <screen>cp foo bar</screen> To make an exact copy of the <filename class="directory">foo_dir</filename> directory and name it <filename class="directory">bar_dir</filename>, type: <screen>cp -r foo_dir bar_dir</screen>

47.

mv - move files or directories

48.

The <command>mv</command> command moves a file or directory to a different location or will rename a file or directory (<acronym>mv</acronym> is short for <quote>move</quote>). To rename the file <filename>foo</filename> to <filename>bar</filename>, type: <screen>mv foo bar</screen> To move the file <filename>foo</filename> into the current user's <filename class="directory">Desktop</filename> directory, type: <screen>mv foo ~/Desktop</screen> This will not rename <filename>foo</filename> to <filename>Desktop</filename> because <filename>foo</filename> is a file and <filename class="directory">Desktop</filename> is a directory.