Translations by Marc Deslauriers
Marc Deslauriers has submitted the following strings to this translation. Contributions are visually coded: currently used translations, unreviewed suggestions, rejected suggestions.
2. |
%s: removing nameref attribute
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2017-05-17 |
%s: removing nameref attribute
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28. |
null directory
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2017-05-17 |
null directory
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59. |
help not available in this version
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2017-05-17 |
help not available in this version
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69. |
`%s': invalid variable name for name reference
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2017-05-17 |
‘%s’: invalid variable name for name reference
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72. |
%s: quoted compound array assignment deprecated
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2017-05-17 |
%s: quoted compound array assignment deprecated
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78. |
load function for %s returns failure (%d): not loaded
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2017-05-17 |
load function for %s returns failure (%d): not loaded
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106. |
%s: invalid timestamp
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2017-05-17 |
%s: invalid timestamp
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144. |
%s: cannot export
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2017-05-17 |
%s: cannot export
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155. |
%s is a special shell builtin
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2017-05-17 |
%s is a special shell builtin
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170. |
INFORM:
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2017-05-17 |
INFORM:
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179. |
execute_coproc: coproc [%d:%s] still exists
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2017-05-17 |
execute_coproc: coproc [%d:%s] still exists
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181. |
eval: maximum eval nesting level exceeded (%d)
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2017-05-17 |
eval: maximum eval nesting level exceeded (%d)
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182. |
%s: maximum source nesting level exceeded (%d)
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2017-05-17 |
%s: maximum source nesting level exceeded (%d)
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274. |
shell_getc: shell_input_line_size (%zu) exceeds SIZE_MAX (%lu): line truncated
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2017-05-17 |
shell_getc: shell_input_line_size (%zu) exceeds SIZE_MAX (%lu): line truncated
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275. |
maximum here-document count exceeded
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2017-05-17 |
maximum here-document count exceeded
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298. |
programmable_completion: %s: possible retry loop
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2017-05-17 |
programmable_completion: %s: possible retry loop
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316. |
cannot set uid to %d: effective uid %d
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2017-05-17 |
cannot set uid to %d: effective uid %d
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317. |
cannot set gid to %d: effective gid %d
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2017-05-17 |
cannot set gid to %d: effective gid %d
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318. |
cannot start debugger; debugging mode disabled
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2017-05-17 |
cannot start debugger; debugging mode disabled
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319. |
%s: Is a directory
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2017-05-17 |
%s: Is a directory
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330. |
bash home page: <http://www.gnu.org/software/bash>
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2017-05-17 |
bash home page: <http://www.gnu.org/software/bash>
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331. |
General help using GNU software: <http://www.gnu.org/gethelp/>
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2017-05-17 |
General help using GNU software: <http://www.gnu.org/gethelp/>
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382. |
command substitution: ignored null byte in input
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2017-05-17 |
command substitution: ignored null byte in input
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388. |
%s: invalid indirect expansion
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2017-05-17 |
%s: invalid indirect expansion
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389. |
%s: invalid variable name
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2017-05-17 |
%s: invalid variable name
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411. |
%s: assigning integer to name reference
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2017-05-17 |
%s: assigning integer to name reference
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422. |
Copyright (C) 2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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2017-05-17 |
Copyright (C) 2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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442. |
typeset [-aAfFgilnrtux] [-p] name[=value] ...
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2017-05-17 |
typeset [-aAfFgilnrtux] [-p] name[=value] ...
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459. |
disown [-h] [-ar] [jobspec ... | pid ...]
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2017-05-17 |
disown [-h] [-ar] [jobspec ... | pid ...]
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476. |
ulimit [-SHabcdefiklmnpqrstuvxPT] [limit]
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2017-05-17 |
ulimit [-SHabcdefiklmnpqrstuvxPT] [limit]
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501. |
compgen [-abcdefgjksuv] [-o option] [-A action] [-G globpat] [-W wordlist] [-F function] [-C command] [-X filterpat] [-P prefix] [-S suffix] [word]
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2017-05-17 |
compgen [-abcdefgjksuv] [-o option] [-A action] [-G globpat] [-W wordlist] [-F function] [-C command] [-X filterpat] [-P prefix] [-S suffix] [word]
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503. |
mapfile [-d delim] [-n count] [-O origin] [-s count] [-t] [-u fd] [-C callback] [-c quantum] [array]
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2017-05-17 |
mapfile [-d delim] [-n count] [-O origin] [-s count] [-t] [-u fd] [-C callback] [-c quantum] [array]
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505. |
Define or display aliases.
Without arguments, `alias' prints the list of aliases in the reusable
form `alias NAME=VALUE' on standard output.
Otherwise, an alias is defined for each NAME whose VALUE is given.
A trailing space in VALUE causes the next word to be checked for
alias substitution when the alias is expanded.
Options:
-p print all defined aliases in a reusable format
Exit Status:
alias returns true unless a NAME is supplied for which no alias has been
defined.
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2017-05-17 |
Define or display aliases.
Without arguments, ‘alias’ prints the list of aliases in the reusable
form ‘alias NAME=VALUE’ on standard output.
Otherwise, an alias is defined for each NAME whose VALUE is given.
A trailing space in VALUE causes the next word to be checked for
alias substitution when the alias is expanded.
Options:
-p print all defined aliases in a reusable format
Exit Status:
alias returns true unless a NAME is supplied for which no alias has been
defined.
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506. |
Remove each NAME from the list of defined aliases.
Options:
-a remove all alias definitions
Return success unless a NAME is not an existing alias.
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2017-05-17 |
Remove each NAME from the list of defined aliases.
Options:
-a remove all alias definitions
Return success unless a NAME is not an existing alias.
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507. |
Set Readline key bindings and variables.
Bind a key sequence to a Readline function or a macro, or set a
Readline variable. The non-option argument syntax is equivalent to
that found in ~/.inputrc, but must be passed as a single argument:
e.g., bind '"\C-x\C-r": re-read-init-file'.
Options:
-m keymap Use KEYMAP as the keymap for the duration of this
command. Acceptable keymap names are emacs,
emacs-standard, emacs-meta, emacs-ctlx, vi, vi-move,
vi-command, and vi-insert.
-l List names of functions.
-P List function names and bindings.
-p List functions and bindings in a form that can be
reused as input.
-S List key sequences that invoke macros and their values
-s List key sequences that invoke macros and their values
in a form that can be reused as input.
-V List variable names and values
-v List variable names and values in a form that can
be reused as input.
-q function-name Query about which keys invoke the named function.
-u function-name Unbind all keys which are bound to the named function.
-r keyseq Remove the binding for KEYSEQ.
-f filename Read key bindings from FILENAME.
-x keyseq:shell-command Cause SHELL-COMMAND to be executed when
KEYSEQ is entered.
-X List key sequences bound with -x and associated commands
in a form that can be reused as input.
Exit Status:
bind returns 0 unless an unrecognized option is given or an error occurs.
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2017-05-17 |
Set Readline key bindings and variables.
Bind a key sequence to a Readline function or a macro, or set a
Readline variable. The non-option argument syntax is equivalent to
that found in ~/.inputrc, but must be passed as a single argument:
e.g., bind '“\C-x\C-r”: re-read-init-file'.
Options:
-m keymap Use KEYMAP as the keymap for the duration of this
command. Acceptable keymap names are emacs,
emacs-standard, emacs-meta, emacs-ctlx, vi, vi-move,
vi-command, and vi-insert.
-l List names of functions.
-P List function names and bindings.
-p List functions and bindings in a form that can be
reused as input.
-S List key sequences that invoke macros and their values
-s List key sequences that invoke macros and their values
in a form that can be reused as input.
-V List variable names and values
-v List variable names and values in a form that can
be reused as input.
-q function-name Query about which keys invoke the named function.
-u function-name Unbind all keys which are bound to the named function.
-r keyseq Remove the binding for KEYSEQ.
-f filename Read key bindings from FILENAME.
-x keyseq:shell-command Cause SHELL-COMMAND to be executed when
KEYSEQ is entered.
-X List key sequences bound with -x and associated commands
in a form that can be reused as input.
Exit Status:
bind returns 0 unless an unrecognized option is given or an error occurs.
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512. |
Change the shell working directory.
Change the current directory to DIR. The default DIR is the value of the
HOME shell variable.
The variable CDPATH defines the search path for the directory containing
DIR. Alternative directory names in CDPATH are separated by a colon (:).
A null directory name is the same as the current directory. If DIR begins
with a slash (/), then CDPATH is not used.
If the directory is not found, and the shell option `cdable_vars' is set,
the word is assumed to be a variable name. If that variable has a value,
its value is used for DIR.
Options:
-L force symbolic links to be followed: resolve symbolic
links in DIR after processing instances of `..'
-P use the physical directory structure without following
symbolic links: resolve symbolic links in DIR before
processing instances of `..'
-e if the -P option is supplied, and the current working
directory cannot be determined successfully, exit with
a non-zero status
-@ on systems that support it, present a file with extended
attributes as a directory containing the file attributes
The default is to follow symbolic links, as if `-L' were specified.
`..' is processed by removing the immediately previous pathname component
back to a slash or the beginning of DIR.
Exit Status:
Returns 0 if the directory is changed, and if $PWD is set successfully when
-P is used; non-zero otherwise.
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2017-05-17 |
Change the shell working directory.
Change the current directory to DIR. The default DIR is the value of the
HOME shell variable.
The variable CDPATH defines the search path for the directory containing
DIR. Alternative directory names in CDPATH are separated by a colon (:).
A null directory name is the same as the current directory. If DIR begins
with a slash (/), then CDPATH is not used.
If the directory is not found, and the shell option ‘cdable_vars’ is set,
the word is assumed to be a variable name. If that variable has a value,
its value is used for DIR.
Options:
-L force symbolic links to be followed: resolve symbolic
links in DIR after processing instances of ‘..’
-P use the physical directory structure without following
symbolic links: resolve symbolic links in DIR before
processing instances of ‘..’
-e if the -P option is supplied, and the current working
directory cannot be determined successfully, exit with
a non-zero status
-@ on systems that support it, present a file with extended
attributes as a directory containing the file attributes
The default is to follow symbolic links, as if ‘-L’ were specified.
‘..’ is processed by removing the immediately previous pathname component
back to a slash or the beginning of DIR.
Exit Status:
Returns 0 if the directory is changed, and if $PWD is set successfully when
-P is used; non-zero otherwise.
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513. |
Print the name of the current working directory.
Options:
-L print the value of $PWD if it names the current working
directory
-P print the physical directory, without any symbolic links
By default, `pwd' behaves as if `-L' were specified.
Exit Status:
Returns 0 unless an invalid option is given or the current directory
cannot be read.
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2017-05-17 |
Print the name of the current working directory.
Options:
-L print the value of $PWD if it names the current working
directory
-P print the physical directory, without any symbolic links
By default, ‘pwd’ behaves as if ‘-L’ were specified.
Exit Status:
Returns 0 unless an invalid option is given or the current directory
cannot be read.
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517. |
Execute a simple command or display information about commands.
Runs COMMAND with ARGS suppressing shell function lookup, or display
information about the specified COMMANDs. Can be used to invoke commands
on disk when a function with the same name exists.
Options:
-p use a default value for PATH that is guaranteed to find all of
the standard utilities
-v print a description of COMMAND similar to the `type' builtin
-V print a more verbose description of each COMMAND
Exit Status:
Returns exit status of COMMAND, or failure if COMMAND is not found.
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2017-05-17 |
Execute a simple command or display information about commands.
Runs COMMAND with ARGS suppressing shell function lookup, or display
information about the specified COMMANDs. Can be used to invoke commands
on disk when a function with the same name exists.
Options:
-p use a default value for PATH that is guaranteed to find all of
the standard utilities
-v print a description of COMMAND similar to the ‘type’ builtin
-V print a more verbose description of each COMMAND
Exit Status:
Returns exit status of COMMAND, or failure if COMMAND is not found.
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518. |
Set variable values and attributes.
Declare variables and give them attributes. If no NAMEs are given,
display the attributes and values of all variables.
Options:
-f restrict action or display to function names and definitions
-F restrict display to function names only (plus line number and
source file when debugging)
-g create global variables when used in a shell function; otherwise
ignored
-p display the attributes and value of each NAME
Options which set attributes:
-a to make NAMEs indexed arrays (if supported)
-A to make NAMEs associative arrays (if supported)
-i to make NAMEs have the `integer' attribute
-l to convert NAMEs to lower case on assignment
-n make NAME a reference to the variable named by its value
-r to make NAMEs readonly
-t to make NAMEs have the `trace' attribute
-u to convert NAMEs to upper case on assignment
-x to make NAMEs export
Using `+' instead of `-' turns off the given attribute.
Variables with the integer attribute have arithmetic evaluation (see
the `let' command) performed when the variable is assigned a value.
When used in a function, `declare' makes NAMEs local, as with the `local'
command. The `-g' option suppresses this behavior.
Exit Status:
Returns success unless an invalid option is supplied or a variable
assignment error occurs.
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2017-05-17 |
Set variable values and attributes.
Declare variables and give them attributes. If no NAMEs are given,
display the attributes and values of all variables.
Options:
-f restrict action or display to function names and definitions
-F restrict display to function names only (plus line number and
source file when debugging)
-g create global variables when used in a shell function; otherwise
ignored
-p display the attributes and value of each NAME
Options which set attributes:
-a to make NAMEs indexed arrays (if supported)
-A to make NAMEs associative arrays (if supported)
-i to make NAMEs have the ‘integer’ attribute
-l to convert NAMEs to lower case on assignment
-n make NAME a reference to the variable named by its value
-r to make NAMEs readonly
-t to make NAMEs have the ‘trace’ attribute
-u to convert NAMEs to upper case on assignment
-x to make NAMEs export
Using ‘+’ instead of ‘-’ turns off the given attribute.
Variables with the integer attribute have arithmetic evaluation (see
the ‘let’ command) performed when the variable is assigned a value.
When used in a function, ‘declare’ makes NAMEs local, as with the ‘local’
command. The ‘-g’ option suppresses this behavior.
Exit Status:
Returns success unless an invalid option is supplied or a variable
assignment error occurs.
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519. |
Set variable values and attributes.
A synonym for `declare'. See `help declare'.
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2017-05-17 |
Set variable values and attributes.
A synonym for ‘declare’. See ‘help declare’.
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521. |
Write arguments to the standard output.
Display the ARGs, separated by a single space character and followed by a
newline, on the standard output.
Options:
-n do not append a newline
-e enable interpretation of the following backslash escapes
-E explicitly suppress interpretation of backslash escapes
`echo' interprets the following backslash-escaped characters:
\a alert (bell)
\b backspace
\c suppress further output
\e escape character
\E escape character
\f form feed
\n new line
\r carriage return
\t horizontal tab
\v vertical tab
\\ backslash
\0nnn the character whose ASCII code is NNN (octal). NNN can be
0 to 3 octal digits
\xHH the eight-bit character whose value is HH (hexadecimal). HH
can be one or two hex digits
Exit Status:
Returns success unless a write error occurs.
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2017-05-17 |
Write arguments to the standard output.
Display the ARGs, separated by a single space character and followed by a
newline, on the standard output.
Options:
-n do not append a newline
-e enable interpretation of the following backslash escapes
-E explicitly suppress interpretation of backslash escapes
‘echo’ interprets the following backslash-escaped characters:
\a alert (bell)
\b backspace
\c suppress further output
\e escape character
\E escape character
\f form feed
\n new line
\r carriage return
\t horizontal tab
\v vertical tab
\\ backslash
\0nnn the character whose ASCII code is NNN (octal). NNN can be
0 to 3 octal digits
\xHH the eight-bit character whose value is HH (hexadecimal). HH
can be one or two hex digits
Exit Status:
Returns success unless a write error occurs.
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526. |
Replace the shell with the given command.
Execute COMMAND, replacing this shell with the specified program.
ARGUMENTS become the arguments to COMMAND. If COMMAND is not specified,
any redirections take effect in the current shell.
Options:
-a name pass NAME as the zeroth argument to COMMAND
-c execute COMMAND with an empty environment
-l place a dash in the zeroth argument to COMMAND
If the command cannot be executed, a non-interactive shell exits, unless
the shell option `execfail' is set.
Exit Status:
Returns success unless COMMAND is not found or a redirection error occurs.
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2017-05-17 |
Replace the shell with the given command.
Execute COMMAND, replacing this shell with the specified program.
ARGUMENTS become the arguments to COMMAND. If COMMAND is not specified,
any redirections take effect in the current shell.
Options:
-a name pass NAME as the zeroth argument to COMMAND
-c execute COMMAND with an empty environment
-l place a dash in the zeroth argument to COMMAND
If the command cannot be executed, a non-interactive shell exits, unless
the shell option ‘execfail’ is set.
Exit Status:
Returns success unless COMMAND is not found or a redirection error occurs.
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532. |
Remember or display program locations.
Determine and remember the full pathname of each command NAME. If
no arguments are given, information about remembered commands is displayed.
Options:
-d forget the remembered location of each NAME
-l display in a format that may be reused as input
-p pathname use PATHNAME as the full pathname of NAME
-r forget all remembered locations
-t print the remembered location of each NAME, preceding
each location with the corresponding NAME if multiple
NAMEs are given
Arguments:
NAME Each NAME is searched for in $PATH and added to the list
of remembered commands.
Exit Status:
Returns success unless NAME is not found or an invalid option is given.
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2017-05-17 |
Remember or display program locations.
Determine and remember the full pathname of each command NAME. If
no arguments are given, information about remembered commands is displayed.
Options:
-d forget the remembered location of each NAME
-l display in a format that may be reused as input
-p pathname use PATHNAME as the full pathname of NAME
-r forget all remembered locations
-t print the remembered location of each NAME, preceding
each location with the corresponding NAME if multiple
NAMEs are given
Arguments:
NAME Each NAME is searched for in $PATH and added to the list
of remembered commands.
Exit Status:
Returns success unless NAME is not found or an invalid option is given.
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533. |
Display information about builtin commands.
Displays brief summaries of builtin commands. If PATTERN is
specified, gives detailed help on all commands matching PATTERN,
otherwise the list of help topics is printed.
Options:
-d output short description for each topic
-m display usage in pseudo-manpage format
-s output only a short usage synopsis for each topic matching
PATTERN
Arguments:
PATTERN Pattern specifiying a help topic
Exit Status:
Returns success unless PATTERN is not found or an invalid option is given.
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2017-05-17 |
Display information about builtin commands.
Displays brief summaries of builtin commands. If PATTERN is
specified, gives detailed help on all commands matching PATTERN,
otherwise the list of help topics is printed.
Options:
-d output short description for each topic
-m display usage in pseudo-manpage format
-s output only a short usage synopsis for each topic matching
PATTERN
Arguments:
PATTERN Pattern specifiying a help topic
Exit Status:
Returns success unless PATTERN is not found or an invalid option is given.
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534. |
Display or manipulate the history list.
Display the history list with line numbers, prefixing each modified
entry with a `*'. An argument of N lists only the last N entries.
Options:
-c clear the history list by deleting all of the entries
-d offset delete the history entry at position OFFSET.
-a append history lines from this session to the history file
-n read all history lines not already read from the history file
and append them to the history list
-r read the history file and append the contents to the history
list
-w write the current history to the history file
-p perform history expansion on each ARG and display the result
without storing it in the history list
-s append the ARGs to the history list as a single entry
If FILENAME is given, it is used as the history file. Otherwise,
if HISTFILE has a value, that is used, else ~/.bash_history.
If the HISTTIMEFORMAT variable is set and not null, its value is used
as a format string for strftime(3) to print the time stamp associated
with each displayed history entry. No time stamps are printed otherwise.
Exit Status:
Returns success unless an invalid option is given or an error occurs.
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2017-05-17 |
Display or manipulate the history list.
Display the history list with line numbers, prefixing each modified
entry with a ‘*’. An argument of N lists only the last N entries.
Options:
-c clear the history list by deleting all of the entries
-d offset delete the history entry at position OFFSET.
-a append history lines from this session to the history file
-n read all history lines not already read from the history file
and append them to the history list
-r read the history file and append the contents to the history
list
-w write the current history to the history file
-p perform history expansion on each ARG and display the result
without storing it in the history list
-s append the ARGs to the history list as a single entry
If FILENAME is given, it is used as the history file. Otherwise,
if HISTFILE has a value, that is used, else ~/.bash_history.
If the HISTTIMEFORMAT variable is set and not null, its value is used
as a format string for strftime(3) to print the time stamp associated
with each displayed history entry. No time stamps are printed otherwise.
Exit Status:
Returns success unless an invalid option is given or an error occurs.
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535. |
Display status of jobs.
Lists the active jobs. JOBSPEC restricts output to that job.
Without options, the status of all active jobs is displayed.
Options:
-l lists process IDs in addition to the normal information
-n lists only processes that have changed status since the last
notification
-p lists process IDs only
-r restrict output to running jobs
-s restrict output to stopped jobs
If -x is supplied, COMMAND is run after all job specifications that
appear in ARGS have been replaced with the process ID of that job's
process group leader.
Exit Status:
Returns success unless an invalid option is given or an error occurs.
If -x is used, returns the exit status of COMMAND.
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2017-05-17 |
Display status of jobs.
Lists the active jobs. JOBSPEC restricts output to that job.
Without options, the status of all active jobs is displayed.
Options:
-l lists process IDs in addition to the normal information
-n lists only processes that have changed status since the last
notification
-p lists process IDs only
-r restrict output to running jobs
-s restrict output to stopped jobs
If -x is supplied, COMMAND is run after all job specifications that
appear in ARGS have been replaced with the process ID of that job's
process group leader.
Exit Status:
Returns success unless an invalid option is given or an error occurs.
If -x is used, returns the exit status of COMMAND.
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536. |
Remove jobs from current shell.
Removes each JOBSPEC argument from the table of active jobs. Without
any JOBSPECs, the shell uses its notion of the current job.
Options:
-a remove all jobs if JOBSPEC is not supplied
-h mark each JOBSPEC so that SIGHUP is not sent to the job if the
shell receives a SIGHUP
-r remove only running jobs
Exit Status:
Returns success unless an invalid option or JOBSPEC is given.
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2017-05-17 |
Remove jobs from current shell.
Removes each JOBSPEC argument from the table of active jobs. Without
any JOBSPECs, the shell uses its notion of the current job.
Options:
-a remove all jobs if JOBSPEC is not supplied
-h mark each JOBSPEC so that SIGHUP is not sent to the job if the
shell receives a SIGHUP
-r remove only running jobs
Exit Status:
Returns success unless an invalid option or JOBSPEC is given.
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537. |
Send a signal to a job.
Send the processes identified by PID or JOBSPEC the signal named by
SIGSPEC or SIGNUM. If neither SIGSPEC nor SIGNUM is present, then
SIGTERM is assumed.
Options:
-s sig SIG is a signal name
-n sig SIG is a signal number
-l list the signal names; if arguments follow `-l' they are
assumed to be signal numbers for which names should be listed
-L synonym for -l
Kill is a shell builtin for two reasons: it allows job IDs to be used
instead of process IDs, and allows processes to be killed if the limit
on processes that you can create is reached.
Exit Status:
Returns success unless an invalid option is given or an error occurs.
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2017-05-17 |
Send a signal to a job.
Send the processes identified by PID or JOBSPEC the signal named by
SIGSPEC or SIGNUM. If neither SIGSPEC nor SIGNUM is present, then
SIGTERM is assumed.
Options:
-s sig SIG is a signal name
-n sig SIG is a signal number
-l list the signal names; if arguments follow ‘-l’ they are
assumed to be signal numbers for which names should be listed
-L synonym for -l
Kill is a shell builtin for two reasons: it allows job IDs to be used
instead of process IDs, and allows processes to be killed if the limit
on processes that you can create is reached.
Exit Status:
Returns success unless an invalid option is given or an error occurs.
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539. |
Read a line from the standard input and split it into fields.
Reads a single line from the standard input, or from file descriptor FD
if the -u option is supplied. The line is split into fields as with word
splitting, and the first word is assigned to the first NAME, the second
word to the second NAME, and so on, with any leftover words assigned to
the last NAME. Only the characters found in $IFS are recognized as word
delimiters.
If no NAMEs are supplied, the line read is stored in the REPLY variable.
Options:
-a array assign the words read to sequential indices of the array
variable ARRAY, starting at zero
-d delim continue until the first character of DELIM is read, rather
than newline
-e use Readline to obtain the line in an interactive shell
-i text use TEXT as the initial text for Readline
-n nchars return after reading NCHARS characters rather than waiting
for a newline, but honor a delimiter if fewer than
NCHARS characters are read before the delimiter
-N nchars return only after reading exactly NCHARS characters, unless
EOF is encountered or read times out, ignoring any
delimiter
-p prompt output the string PROMPT without a trailing newline before
attempting to read
-r do not allow backslashes to escape any characters
-s do not echo input coming from a terminal
-t timeout time out and return failure if a complete line of
input is not read within TIMEOUT seconds. The value of the
TMOUT variable is the default timeout. TIMEOUT may be a
fractional number. If TIMEOUT is 0, read returns
immediately, without trying to read any data, returning
success only if input is available on the specified
file descriptor. The exit status is greater than 128
if the timeout is exceeded
-u fd read from file descriptor FD instead of the standard input
Exit Status:
The return code is zero, unless end-of-file is encountered, read times out
(in which case it's greater than 128), a variable assignment error occurs,
or an invalid file descriptor is supplied as the argument to -u.
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2017-05-17 |
Read a line from the standard input and split it into fields.
Reads a single line from the standard input, or from file descriptor FD
if the -u option is supplied. The line is split into fields as with word
splitting, and the first word is assigned to the first NAME, the second
word to the second NAME, and so on, with any leftover words assigned to
the last NAME. Only the characters found in $IFS are recognized as word
delimiters.
If no NAMEs are supplied, the line read is stored in the REPLY variable.
Options:
-a array assign the words read to sequential indices of the array
variable ARRAY, starting at zero
-d delim continue until the first character of DELIM is read, rather
than newline
-e use Readline to obtain the line in an interactive shell
-i text use TEXT as the initial text for Readline
-n nchars return after reading NCHARS characters rather than waiting
for a newline, but honor a delimiter if fewer than
NCHARS characters are read before the delimiter
-N nchars return only after reading exactly NCHARS characters, unless
EOF is encountered or read times out, ignoring any
delimiter
-p prompt output the string PROMPT without a trailing newline before
attempting to read
-r do not allow backslashes to escape any characters
-s do not echo input coming from a terminal
-t timeout time out and return failure if a complete line of
input is not read within TIMEOUT seconds. The value of the
TMOUT variable is the default timeout. TIMEOUT may be a
fractional number. If TIMEOUT is 0, read returns
immediately, without trying to read any data, returning
success only if input is available on the specified
file descriptor. The exit status is greater than 128
if the timeout is exceeded
-u fd read from file descriptor FD instead of the standard input
Exit Status:
The return code is zero, unless end-of-file is encountered, read times out
(in which case it's greater than 128), a variable assignment error occurs,
or an invalid file descriptor is supplied as the argument to -u.
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541. |
Set or unset values of shell options and positional parameters.
Change the value of shell attributes and positional parameters, or
display the names and values of shell variables.
Options:
-a Mark variables which are modified or created for export.
-b Notify of job termination immediately.
-e Exit immediately if a command exits with a non-zero status.
-f Disable file name generation (globbing).
-h Remember the location of commands as they are looked up.
-k All assignment arguments are placed in the environment for a
command, not just those that precede the command name.
-m Job control is enabled.
-n Read commands but do not execute them.
-o option-name
Set the variable corresponding to option-name:
allexport same as -a
braceexpand same as -B
emacs use an emacs-style line editing interface
errexit same as -e
errtrace same as -E
functrace same as -T
hashall same as -h
histexpand same as -H
history enable command history
ignoreeof the shell will not exit upon reading EOF
interactive-comments
allow comments to appear in interactive commands
keyword same as -k
monitor same as -m
noclobber same as -C
noexec same as -n
noglob same as -f
nolog currently accepted but ignored
notify same as -b
nounset same as -u
onecmd same as -t
physical same as -P
pipefail the return value of a pipeline is the status of
the last command to exit with a non-zero status,
or zero if no command exited with a non-zero status
posix change the behavior of bash where the default
operation differs from the Posix standard to
match the standard
privileged same as -p
verbose same as -v
vi use a vi-style line editing interface
xtrace same as -x
-p Turned on whenever the real and effective user ids do not match.
Disables processing of the $ENV file and importing of shell
functions. Turning this option off causes the effective uid and
gid to be set to the real uid and gid.
-t Exit after reading and executing one command.
-u Treat unset variables as an error when substituting.
-v Print shell input lines as they are read.
-x Print commands and their arguments as they are executed.
-B the shell will perform brace expansion
-C If set, disallow existing regular files to be overwritten
by redirection of output.
-E If set, the ERR trap is inherited by shell functions.
-H Enable ! style history substitution. This flag is on
by default when the shell is interactive.
-P If set, do not resolve symbolic links when executing commands
such as cd which change the current directory.
-T If set, the DEBUG and RETURN traps are inherited by shell functions.
-- Assign any remaining arguments to the positional parameters.
If there are no remaining arguments, the positional parameters
are unset.
- Assign any remaining arguments to the positional parameters.
The -x and -v options are turned off.
Using + rather than - causes these flags to be turned off. The
flags can also be used upon invocation of the shell. The current
set of flags may be found in $-. The remaining n ARGs are positional
parameters and are assigned, in order, to $1, $2, .. $n. If no
ARGs are given, all shell variables are printed.
Exit Status:
Returns success unless an invalid option is given.
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2017-05-17 |
Set or unset values of shell options and positional parameters.
Change the value of shell attributes and positional parameters, or
display the names and values of shell variables.
Options:
-a Mark variables which are modified or created for export.
-b Notify of job termination immediately.
-e Exit immediately if a command exits with a non-zero status.
-f Disable file name generation (globbing).
-h Remember the location of commands as they are looked up.
-k All assignment arguments are placed in the environment for a
command, not just those that precede the command name.
-m Job control is enabled.
-n Read commands but do not execute them.
-o option-name
Set the variable corresponding to option-name:
allexport same as -a
braceexpand same as -B
emacs use an emacs-style line editing interface
errexit same as -e
errtrace same as -E
functrace same as -T
hashall same as -h
histexpand same as -H
history enable command history
ignoreeof the shell will not exit upon reading EOF
interactive-comments
allow comments to appear in interactive commands
keyword same as -k
monitor same as -m
noclobber same as -C
noexec same as -n
noglob same as -f
nolog currently accepted but ignored
notify same as -b
nounset same as -u
onecmd same as -t
physical same as -P
pipefail the return value of a pipeline is the status of
the last command to exit with a non-zero status,
or zero if no command exited with a non-zero status
posix change the behavior of bash where the default
operation differs from the Posix standard to
match the standard
privileged same as -p
verbose same as -v
vi use a vi-style line editing interface
xtrace same as -x
-p Turned on whenever the real and effective user ids do not match.
Disables processing of the $ENV file and importing of shell
functions. Turning this option off causes the effective uid and
gid to be set to the real uid and gid.
-t Exit after reading and executing one command.
-u Treat unset variables as an error when substituting.
-v Print shell input lines as they are read.
-x Print commands and their arguments as they are executed.
-B the shell will perform brace expansion
-C If set, disallow existing regular files to be overwritten
by redirection of output.
-E If set, the ERR trap is inherited by shell functions.
-H Enable ! style history substitution. This flag is on
by default when the shell is interactive.
-P If set, do not resolve symbolic links when executing commands
such as cd which change the current directory.
-T If set, the DEBUG and RETURN traps are inherited by shell functions.
-- Assign any remaining arguments to the positional parameters.
If there are no remaining arguments, the positional parameters
are unset.
- Assign any remaining arguments to the positional parameters.
The -x and -v options are turned off.
Using + rather than - causes these flags to be turned off. The
flags can also be used upon invocation of the shell. The current
set of flags may be found in $-. The remaining n ARGs are positional
parameters and are assigned, in order, to $1, $2, .. $n. If no
ARGs are given, all shell variables are printed.
Exit Status:
Returns success unless an invalid option is given.
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