Translations by Denis_Ubuntu

\newglossaryentry{GUI}{name={\acronym{GUI}}, description={The \acronym{GUI} (which stands for Graphical User Interface) is a type of user interface that allows humans to interact with the computer using graphics and images rather than just text.}}

\newglossaryentry{kernel}{name={kernel}, description={A kernel is the central portion of a Unix-based operating system, responsible for running applications, processes, and providing security for the core components.}}

\newglossaryentry{minimize}{name={minimize}, description={When you minimize an open application, the window will no longer be shown. If you click on a minimized application's panel button, it will then be restored to its normal state and allow you to interact with it.}}

\newglossaryentry{notification area}{name={notification area}, description={The notification area is an applet on the panel that provides you with all sorts of information such as volume control, the current song playing in Rhythmbox, your Internet connection status and email status.}}

\newglossaryentry{package}{name={package}, description={Packages contain software in a ready-to-install format. Most of the time you can use the \gls{Software Center} instead of manually installing packages. Packages have a .deb extension in Ubuntu.}}

\newglossaryentry{panel}{name={panel}, description={A panel is a bar that sits on the edge of your screen. It contains \glspl{applet} which provide useful functions such as running programs, viewing the time, or accessing the main menu.}}

\newglossaryentry{partition}{name={partition}, description={A partition is an area of allocated space on a hard drive where you can put data.}}

\newglossaryentry{proprietary}{name={proprietary}, description={Software made by companies that don't release their source code under an open source license.}}

Ubuntu's core applications are all free and open source. We want you to use free and open source software, improve it, and pass it on.

Before you decide whether or not Ubuntu is right for you, we suggest giving yourself some time to grow accustomed to the way things are done in Ubuntu. You should expect to find that some things are different from what you are used to. We also suggest taking the following into account:

Ubuntu is community based.

That is, Ubuntu is developed, written, and maintained by the community. Because of this, support is probably not available at your local computer store. Fortunately, the Ubuntu community is here to help. There are many articles, guides, and manuals available, as well as users on various Internet forums and Internet Relay Chat (\acronym{IRC}) rooms that are willing to assist beginners. Additionally, near the end of this guide, we include a troubleshooting chapter: \chaplink{ch:troubleshooting}.

Email: \href{mailto:ubuntu-manual@lists.launchpad.net}{ubuntu-manual@lists.launchpad.net}

Icon and title page designers

Conventions used in this book

1~GHz x86 processor (Pentium 4 or better)

The easiest and most common method for getting Ubuntu is to download the Ubuntu \acronym{CD} image directly from \url{http://www.ubuntu.com/download}. Choose how you will install Ubuntu:

\marginnote{\define{Torrents} are a way of sharing files and information around the Internet via peer-to-peer file sharing. A file with the \texttt{.torrent} extension is made available to users, which is then opened with a compatible program such as \application{uTorrent}, \application{Deluge}, or \application{Transmission}. These programs download parts of the file from other people all around the world.} When a new version of Ubuntu is released, the download \glspl{server} can get ``clogged'' as large numbers of people try to download or upgrade Ubuntu at the same time. If you are familiar with using torrents, you can download the torrent file by clicking ``Alternative downloads,'' and then ``BitTorrent download.'' Downloading via torrent may improve your download speed, and will also be help to spread Ubuntu to other users worldwide.

Ubuntu!bootable \acronym{USB} drive|(

Installing Ubuntu\dash Getting started

If you have an Internet connection, the installer will ask you if you would like to ``Download updates while installing.'' We recommend you do so. The second option, ``Install this third-party software,'' includes the Fluendo \acronym{MP3} codec, and software required for some wireless hardware. If you are not connected to the Internet, the installer will help you set up a wireless connection.

The ``Preparing to install Ubuntu'' screen will also let you know if you have enough disk space and if you are connected to a power source (in case you are installing Ubuntu on a laptop running on battery). Once you have selected your choices, click \button{Continue}.

\marginnote{Ubuntu provides you with the option of either \emph{replacing} your existing operating system altogether, or installing Ubuntu alongside your existing system. The latter is called \emph{dual-booting}. Whenever you turn on or restart your computer, you will be given the option to select which operating system you want to use for that session.} If you are a Windows or Mac user and you are trying to install Ubuntu for the first time, select the \radiobutton{Install alongside other operating systems} option. This option will enable you to choose which operating system you wish to use when you computer starts. Ubuntu will automatically detect the other operating system and install Ubuntu alongside it. \advanced {For more complicated \gls{dual-booting} setups, you will need to configure the partitions manually.}

If you chose \radiobutton{Something else}, configure the partitions as you need. Once you are happy with the way the partitions are going to be set up, click the \button{Install Now} button at the bottom right to move on.

To reduce the time required for installation, Ubuntu will continue the installation process in the background while you configure important user details \dash like your username, password, keyboard settings and default timezone.

\screenshot{01-installation-keyboard-layout.png}{ss:installation-keyboard-layout}{Verify that your keyboard layout is correct.} Next, you need to tell Ubuntu what kind of keyboard you are using. In most cases, you will find the suggested option satisfactory. If you are unsure which keyboard option to select, you can click the \button{Detect Keyboard Layout} button to have Ubuntu determine the correct choice by asking you to press a series of keys. You can also manually choose your keyboard layout from the list of options. If you like, enter text into the box at the bottom of the window to ensure you are happy with your selection, then click \button{Continue}.

Ubuntu needs to know some information about you so it can set up the primary user account on your computer. When configured, your name will appear on the login screen as well as the user menu, which we discuss in \chaplink{ch:the-ubuntu-desktop}.

what you want to call your computer

Finally, at the bottom of this screen you have three options from which to choose regarding how you wish to log in to Ubuntu.

Ubuntu will log in to your primary account automatically when you start up the computer so you won't have to enter your username and password. This makes your login experience quicker and more convenient, but if privacy or security are important to you, we don't recommend this option. Anyone who can physically access your computer will be able to turn it on and also access your files.

This option is selected by default, as it will prevent unauthorized people from accessing your computer without knowing the password you created earlier. This is a good option for those who, for example, share their computer with other family members. Once the installation process has been completed, an additional login account can be created for each family member. Each person will then have their own login name and password, account preferences, Internet bookmarks, and personal storage space.

This option provides you with an extra layer of security. Your home folder is where your personal files are stored. By selecting this option, Ubuntu will automatically enable \gls{encryption} on your home folder, meaning that files and folders must be decrypted using your password before they can be accessed. Therefore if someone had physical access to your hard drive (for example, if your computer was stolen and the hard drive removed), they would not be able to see your files without knowing your password. \warning{If you choose this option, be careful not to enable automatic login at a later date. It will cause complications with your encrypted home folder, and will potentially lock you out of important files.}

\screenshot{01-installation-complete.png}{ss:installation-complete}{You are now ready to restart your computer.}

Wait while your computer restarts, and you will then see the login window (unless you selected automatic login).

Download and run the installer

After the file, \emph{wubi.exe}, is downloaded, run the file to start the installation. If a security message appears, click \button{Continue}, to proceed with the installation: \screenshot{01-installation-wubi-uac.png}{ss:installation-windows-user-account-control}{User Account Control dialog}

\marginnote{In order to connect wirelessly, you must be in a location with a working wireless network. To set up your own wireless network, you will need to purchase and install a wireless router or access point. Some locations may already have a publicly accessible wireless networks available. If you are unsure whether your computer has a wireless card, check with your manufacturer.} A \gls{wireless connection} is when your computer connects to the Internet using a wireless radio network \dash usually known as Wi-Fi. Most routers now come with wireless capability, as do most laptops and netbooks. Because of this, Wi-Fi is the most common connection type for these types of devices. Wireless connectivity makes laptops and netbooks more portable when moving to different rooms of a house and while traveling.

\marginnote{Are you already online? If the NetworkManager icon in the top panel shows a connection then you may have successfully connected during the Ubuntu setup process. You can also simply open a browser and see if you have access to the Internet. If so, you do not need to do anything for the rest of this section.} If you have an \emph{Ethernet} cable running from a wall socket or networking device, such as a switch or router, then you will want to setup a wired connection in Ubuntu.

In order to connect to the Internet with a wired connection, you need to know whether your network supports \gls{DHCP} \emph{(Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)}. \acronym{DHCP} is a way for your computer to automatically be configured to access your network and/or Internet connection. \acronym{DHCP} is usually automatically configured on your router. This is usually the quickest and easiest way of establishing a connection to the Internet. If you are unsure whether your router is setup to use \acronym{DHCP}, you may wish to contact your \gls{ISP}'s \emph{(Internet Service Provider)} customer service line to check. If your router isn't configured to use \acronym{DHCP} then they will also be able to tell you what configuration settings you need in order to get online.

If your network does not support \acronym{DHCP} then you need to know a few items of information before you can get online. If you do not know any of this information, then you call your \acronym{ISP}.

A \define{network mask} \dash This tells your computer the size of the network to which it is being connected. It is formatted the same way as the \acronym{IP} address, but usually looks something like 255.255.255.0.

If you are adding a connection, you need to provide a name for the connection. This will distinguish the connection being added from any other connections added in future. In the ``Connection Name'' field, choose a name such as ``Wired Home.''

Make sure that the \checkbox{Connect automatically} option is selected under the connection name.

Click to the right of the \acronym{IP} address, directly below the \textfield{Netmask} header and enter your network mask. If you are unsure, ``255.255.255.0'' is the most common.

Click on the right of the network mask directly below the \textfield{Gateway} header and enter the address of your gateway.

If your computer is equipped with a wireless (Wi-Fi) card and you have a wireless network nearby, you should be able to set up a wireless connection in Ubuntu.

A wireless network can be open to anyone, or it can be protected with a password. A small padlock will be displayed by the signal bar if any wireless network within range are password-protected. You will need to know the correct password in order to connect to these secured wireless networks.

In some environments, you may need to connect to a hidden wireless network. These hidden networks do not broadcast their names, and, therefore, their names will not appear in the list of available wireless networks even if they are in range. In order to connect to a hidden wireless network, you will need to get its name and security details from your network administrator or \acronym{ISP}.