Translations by Hiroshi Tagawa

\marginnote{If your printer can automatically do double sided printing it will probably have a duplexer. Please refer to the instructions that came with the printer if you are unsure. If you do have a duplexer you will need to make sure the \checkbox{Duplexer Installed} option is checked and then click the \button{Forward} button.}

You can also add your network printer by entering the \acronym{IP} address of the printer. Select \textbf{Find Network Printer}, type in the \acronym{IP} address of the printer in the box that reads \textbf{Host:} and press the \button{Find} button. Ubuntu will find the printer and add it. Most recent printers are detected by Ubuntu automatically. If Ubuntu cannot detect the printer automatically, it will ask you to enter the make and model number of the printer.

You can now specify the printer name, description and location. Each of these should remind you of that particular printer so that you can choose the right one to use when printing. Finally click \button{Apply}.

\marginnote{Your graphics card is the component in your computer that powers your display. When you're watching videos on YouTube or \acronym{DVD}s or simply enjoying the smooth transition effects when you maximize/minimize your windows, your graphics device is doing the hard work behind the scenes.}

\marginnote{Another useful resource is the official online documentation (\url{http://help.ubuntu.com}), which contains detailed information about various graphics drivers and known problems.}

Ubuntu usually detects the audio hardware of the system automatically during installation. The audio in Ubuntu is provided by a sound server named PulseAudio. The audio preferences are easily configurable with the help of a very easy to use \gls{GUI} which comes pre-installed with Ubuntu.

\acronym{SANE} project listing of support scanners. The \acronym{SANE} (Scanner Access Now Easy) project provides most of the back-ends to the scanning software on Ubuntu.

Check \url{https://wiki.ubuntu.com/HardwareSupportComponentsScanners} which is Ubuntu specific.

Almost all new webcams are detected by Ubuntu automatically. You can configure webcams for individual applications such as \application{Skype} and \application{Empathy} from the application's setup menu. For webcams which do not work right away with Ubuntu, visit \url{https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Webcam} for help.

\marginnote{There are quite a few applications which are useful for webcams. \application{Cheese} can capture pictures with your webcam and \application{VLC} media player can capture video streaming from your webcam. You can install these from the Ubuntu Software Center.}

Webcams often come built into most laptops and netbooks. Some computers, such as Apple desktops, also have webcams built into the monitors. The rest of the webcams typically use \acronym{USB} connections. To use a \acronym{USB} webcam, plug it into an open \acronym{USB} port in your computer.

In the \dropdown{Select a disc to write to} drop-down menu, click on the disc to which you'd like to write, then click \button{Burn}.

If you have two \acronym{CD/DVD} drives you can copy a disc from one to the other, the disc that you want to copy to must be in the \acronym{CD-RW/DVD-RW} drive. If you have only one drive you will need to make and image and then burn it to a disc. In the \dropdown{Select disc to copy} drop-down choose the disc to copy. In the \dropdown{Select a disc to write to} drop-down either choose image file or the disc that you want to copy to.

If you are using a disc that has \acronym{RW} written on it and you have used it before, then you can blank it so that you can use it again. Doing this will cause you to lose all of the data currently on the disc. To blank a disc, open the \menu{Tools} menu, then choose \menu{Blank}. The \window{Disc Blanking} window will be open. In the \dropdown{Select a disc} drop down choose the disc that you would like to blank.

\marginnote{\acronym{RW} stands for Re-Writable which means that disc can be used more than once.}

\marginnote{Temporary files are saved in the /tmp folder by default. Should you wish to save these files in another location, you will need to change the setting in the \dropdown{Temporary files} drop down menu. Under normal conditions, you should not need to change this setting.}

The \checkbox{Simulate before burning} option is useful if you encounter problems burning discs. Selecting this option allows you to simulate the disc burning process without actually writing data to a disc \dash a wasteful process if your computer isn't writing data correctly. If the simulation is successful, Brasero will burn the disc after a ten second pause. During that ten second pause, you have the option to cancel the burning process.

If you want to remove a file from the project, click the file in the list and click on the \button{Red -} button. To remove all the files in the list click on the \button{Broom shaped} button.

\marginnote{Icons of a broom are often used in Ubuntu to represent clearing a text field or returning something to its default state.}

\marginnote{You should note that by default in any Ubuntu installation, the input sound is muted. You will have to manually unmute to enable your microphone to record sound or use it during audio/video calls.}

\marginnote{If you change your sound output device, it will remain as default.}

\marginnote{By default, the volume in Ubuntu is set to maximum during installation.}

The \emph{Applications tab} is for changing the volume for running applications. This comes in very handy if you have multiple audio programs running \eg if you have Rhythmbox, Totem Movie Player and a web-based video playing at the same time. In this situation, you will be able to increase/decrease, mute/unmute volume for each application from this tab.

The \emph{output tab} is used for configuring the output audio. You can increase/decrease and mute/unmute output volume and select your preferred output device.

You can increase/decrease and mute/unmute input volume from this tab. If there is more than one input device, you will see them listed in the white box which reads \emph{Choose a device for sound input.}

If you have more than one output device, it will be listed in the section which reads ``Choose a device for sound output.'' The default output hardware, which is automatically detected by Ubuntu during installation will be selected.

The \emph{hardware tab} will have a list of all the sound cards available in your system. Usually there is only one listed, however, if you have a graphics card which supports \acronym{HDMI} audio it will also show up in the list. This section should be configured only if you are an advanced user.

The third tab is for configuring \emph{input audio.} You will be able to use this section when you have an inbuilt microphone in your system or if you add an external microphone.

\marginnote{A microphone is used for making audio/video calls which are supported by applications like Skype or Empathy. It can also used for sound recording.}

Ubuntu usually detects the audio hardware of the system automatically during installation. The audio in Ubuntu is provided by a sound server named PulseAudio. The audio preferences are easily configurable with the help of a very easy to use \gls{GUI} which comes pre-installed with Ubuntu.

\marginnote{You can add new sound themes by installing them from Software Center (\eg Ubuntu Studio Sound theme.) You will get the installed sound themes from the drop down menu. You can also enable window and button sounds.}

This is very useful if you want to print in \dropdown{Black Only Grayscale} to save on ink, or to print in \dropdown{Color}, or \dropdown{High Quality Grayscale}.

Output mode

This is very useful if you want to print in \dropdown{Black Only Grayscale} to save on ink, or to print in \dropdown{Color}, or \dropdown{High Quality Grayscale}.

You can also add your network printer by entering the \acronym{IP} address of the printer. Select \textbf{Find Network Printer}, type in the \acronym{IP} address of the printer in the box that reads \textbf{Host:} and press the \button{Find} button. Ubuntu will find the printer and add it. Most recent printers are detected by Ubuntu automatically. If Ubuntu cannot detect the printer automatically, it will ask you to enter the make and model number of the printer.

\marginnote{The default printer is the one that is automatically selected when you print a file. To set a printer as default right click the printer that you want to set as default and click \menu{Set As Default}.}

Printer options allow you to change the printing quality, paper size and media type. They can be changed by right clicking a printer and choosing \menu{Properties}. The \window{Printer Properties} window will show, in the left pane choose \emph{Printer Options}.

You can now specify the printer name, description and location. Each of these should remind you of that particular printer so that you can choose the right one to use when printing. Finally click \button{Apply}.

If you have a printer that is connected to your computer with a \acronym{USB} cable then this is a local printer. You can add a printer by clicking the \button{Add Printer} button.

\marginnote{Displays are made up of thousands of tiny pixels. Each pixel displays a different color, and when combined they all display the image that you see. The native screen resolution is a measure of the amount of actual pixels on your display.}

When you add a printer it will need to be plugged in with a \acronym{USB} cable or connected to you network. It will also need to be switched on.

Ubuntu correctly identifies your native screen resolution by itself and sets it for you. However, due to a huge variety of devices available, sometimes it can make a mistake and set up an undesirable resolution.

The Ubuntu developers prefer open source drivers because they allow the problem to be identified and fixed by anyone with knowledge in the community. Ubuntu development is extremely fast and it is a good chance that your device will be supported by open source drivers. You can use the Ubuntu Live \acronym{CD} to check for your device compatibility before installing Ubuntu or go online in the Ubuntu forums to ask about your particular device.

A majority of graphics cards are manufactured by three well known companies: Intel, \acronym{AMD}/\acronym{ATI}, and \acronym{NVIDIA} Corp. You can find your card manufacturer by referring to your computer manual or looking for the specifications of your particular model on the internet. The Ubuntu Software Center houses a number of programs that allow detailed system information to be obtained. \textbf{SysInfo} is one such program that you can use to find relevant information about your System devices. Ubuntu comes with support for graphics devices manufactured by the above companies, and many others, out of the box. That means that you don't have to find and install any drivers by yourself, Ubuntu takes care of it on its own.

Now to run the application go to \menu{Applications\then System Tools\then Sysinfo.} The program should open up providing you with access to information about all your hardware on your system.

To identify your hardware you can install the following application: Click \menu{Applications}, scroll down to \menu{Ubuntu Software Center}. When the \window{Ubuntu Software Center} window opens, use the search box in the top right and search for the following: ``sysinfo.'' Now click \menu{More Info\then Install} to install the application.

Press \keystroke{Ctrl+D}. A window will open. Provide a descriptive name for the bookmark, and click on the \button{Done} button.

If you have navigated to a web page and would like to bookmark it for future visits, you will need to add the page as a bookmark.